Incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) is a parametric analysis method that has recently emerged in several different forms to estimate more thoroughly structural performance under seismic loads. It involves subjecting a structural model to one (or more) ground motion record(s), each scaled to multiple levels of intensity, thus producing one (or more) curve(s) of response parameterized versus intensity level. To establish a common frame of reference, the fundamental concepts are analysed, a unified terminology is proposed, suitable algorithms are presented, and properties of the IDA curve are looked into for both single-degree-of-freedom and multi-degree-of-freedom structures. In addition, summarization techniques for multi-record IDA studies and the association of the IDA study with the conventional static pushover analysis and the yield reduction R-factor are discussed. Finally, in the framework of performance-based earthquake engineering, the assessment of demand and capacity is viewed through the lens of an IDA study. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Incremental dynamic analysis

(1991). Applied Linear Regression Models. Journal of Quality Technology: Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 76-77.

Applied Linear Regression Models

Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures provides requirements for general structural design and includes means for determining dead, live, soil, flood, wind, snow, rain, atmospheric ice, and earthquake loads, as well as their combinations, which are suitable for inclusion in building codes and other documents. This Standard, a revision of ASCE/SEI 7-05, offers a complete update and reorganization of the wind load provisions, expanding them from one chapter into six. The Standard contains new ultimate event wind maps with corresponding reductions in load factors, so that the loads are not affected, and updates the seismic loads with new risk-targeted seismic maps. The snow, live, and atmospheric icing provisions are updated as well. In addition, the Standard includes a detailed Commentary with explanatory and supplementary information designed to assist building code committees and regulatory authorities. Standard ASCE/SEI 7 is an integral part of building codes in the United States. Many of the load provisions are substantially adopted by reference in the International Building Code and the NFPA 5000 Building Construction and Safety Code. Structural engineers, architects, and those engaged in preparing and administering local building codes will find this Standard an essential reference in their practice. Note: New orders are fulfilled from the second printing, which incorporates the errata to the first printing.

Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures

Estimation of fragility functions using dynamic structural analysis is an important step in a number of seismic assessment procedures. This paper discusses the applicability of statistical inferenc...

Efficient analytical fragility function fitting using dynamic structural analysis

Introduced in this paper are several alternative ground-motion intensity measures (IMs) that are intended for use in assessing the seismic performance of a structure at a site susceptible to near-source and/or ordinary ground motions. A comparison of such IMs is facilitated by defining the “efficiency” and “sufficiency” of an IM, both of which are criteria necessary for ensuring the accuracy of the structural performance assessment. The efficiency and sufficiency of each alternative IM, which are quantified via (i) nonlinear dynamic analyses of the structure under a suite of earthquake records and (ii) linear regression analysis, are demonstrated for the drift response of three different moderate- to long-period buildings subjected to suites of ordinary and of near-source earthquake records. One of the alternative IMs in particular is found to be relatively efficient and sufficient for the range of buildings considered and for both the near-source and ordinary ground motions.

Structure-specific scalar intensity measures for near source and ordinary earthquake ground motions

This article evaluates a pulse intensity measure, the effective incremental ground velocity (EIGV), for predicting sliding displacements induced by real ground motions. EIGV is based on computing t...

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/8755293019878200

Predicting earthquake-induced sliding displacements using effective incremental ground velocity

https://epublications.marquette.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1129&context=civengin_fac

Utilization of Simulated Ground Motions for Engineering Performance Assessment of Tall Buildings

Use of Multimedia in a Sophomore Design Course

Fracture is often the controlling limit state in steel structures, sometimes with catastrophic consequences. As evidenced by recent structural failures, such as the I-35 bridge collapse in Minnesota, in the United States, and the fractures in steel connections during the 1994 Northridge (USA) and 1995 Kobe (Japan) earthquakes, fracture occurs in connections or regions of geometrical discontinuities and material heterogeneities, such as welds. Fracture and fatigue mechanics are highly developed sciences, with widespread application in the mechanical, aerospace and automobile industries. However, traditional fracture and fatigue mechanics are ill-suited for direct application in the context of steel structures in civil construction, for two reasons. First, traditional fracture mechanics is well-suited for characterizing fracture ahead of a sharp crack tip, where only minimal yielding is present. Typically, fracture in civil structures initiates ahead of a blunt stress raiser, and in the presence of large scale yielding. Thus, more fundamental, micromechanics-based approaches must be developed or adapted for characterizing fracture in these conditions. Second, fatigue-induced fracture in civil structures often occurs under seismic loading. Unlike high-cycle fatigue experienced by bridges under vehicular loads (which involves millions of cycles of low stress amplitude), seismic fatigue in structures typically involves five to twenty cycles of extraordinarily large amplitude (on the order of several times the yield strain). Termed Ultra Low Cycle Fatigue (or ULCF), this type of fatigue is of specific interest to civil/earthquake engineers, and special models must be developed to characterize the mechanisms (e.g. microvoid growth and collapse) that control this type of fatigue.

Local cyclic void growth criteria for ductile fracture initiation in steel structures under large-scale plasticity

This chapter describes factors to consider in developing a methodology to establish capacity-design criteria for force-controlled elements in seismic force resisting systems. The focus is on capacity-designed connections in steel concentrically braced frames, but the concepts can be generally applied to other structural components and systems. The proposed methodology is an adaptation of the load and resistance factor design (LRFD) methodology, where the load effects are defined by the force demands from yielding components of the system. Demand and capacity factors (analogous to load and resistance factors) are determined considering the variability in inelastic earthquake demands and component capacities, along with a target reliability. The target reliability is based on a comprehensive collapse risk assessment that is evaluated using nonlinear dynamic analyses and benchmarked to the collapse safety of modern code-conforming buildings.

Gregory G. Deierlein

Papers

Predicting earthquake-induced sliding displacements using effective incremental ground velocity

Utilization of Simulated Ground Motions for Engineering Performance Assessment of Tall Buildings

Use of Multimedia in a Sophomore Design Course

Local cyclic void growth criteria for ductile fracture initiation in steel structures under large-scale plasticity

Reliability Considerations in the Seismic Capacity Design Requirements for Force-Controlled Components