The objective of this study is to review and evaluate the applications of magnesium in the automotive industry that can significantly contribute to greater fuel economy and environmental conservation. In the study, the current advantages, limitations, technological barriers and future prospects of Mg alloys in the automotive industry are given. The usage of magnesium in automotive applications is also assessed for the impact on environmental conservation. Recent developments in coating and alloying of Mg improved the creep and corrosion resistance properties of magnesium alloys for elevated temperature and corrosive environments. The results of the study conclude that reasonable prices and improved properties of Mg and its alloys will lead to massive use of magnesium. Compared to using alternative materials, using Mg alloys results in a 22% to 70% weight reduction. Lastly, the use of magnesium in automotive components is increasing as knowledge of forming processes of Mg alloys increases.

Magnesium and its alloys applications in automotive industry

Fundamentals and advances in magnesium alloy corrosion

http://csmres.co.uk/cs.public.upd/article-downloads/Allyn-Download-6.pdf

Biomedical coatings on magnesium alloys - a review.

Deformation twinning in nanocrystalline materials

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has become a very popular analytical method in the last decade in view of some of its unique features such as applicability to any type of sample, practically no sample preparation, remote sensing capability, and speed of analysis The technique has a remarkably wide applicability in many fields, and the number of applications is still growing From an analytical point of view, the quantitative aspects of LIBS may be considered its Achilles' heel, first due to the complex nature of the laser–sample interaction processes, which depend upon both the laser characteristics and the sample material properties, and second due to the plasma–particle interaction processes, which are space and time dependent Together, these may cause undesirable matrix effects Ways of alleviating these problems rely upon the description of the plasma excitation-ionization processes through the use of classical equilibrium relations and therefore on the assumption that the laser-induced 

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), Part I: Review of Basic Diagnostics and Plasma–Particle Interactions: Still-Challenging Issues Within the Analytical Plasma Community

A technology for obtaining the zinc phosphate coating on an AZ91D magnesium alloy was investigated. The main ingredients in the phosphating bath were H 3 PO 4 , ZnO and NaF. This coating has typical phosphate microstructure, and the compositions in this coating analyzed by XRD are Zn 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ·4H 2 O, Zn, AlPO 4 and MgZn 2 (PO 4 ) 2 . Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has shown that very fine zinc particles surrounded phosphate crystals and filled in the interstice of the insoluble phosphate. Salt spray tests have indicated that the zinc phosphate coating has better corrosion resistance due to the presence of crystalline zinc in the coating. The zinc phosphate coating was used as the base layer for further paint. Salt spray showed that the paint plus phosphate coating had good corrosion resistance. The adhesion of paint on the zinc phosphate coating was better than that of paint on chromate conversion coating due to the microporous structure of the phosphate coating.

A study and application of zinc phosphate coating on AZ91D magnesium alloy

Metallic biomaterials are widely used for clinical applications because of their excellent mechanical properties and good durability. In order to provide essential biofunctionalities, surface functionalization is of particular interest and requirement in the development of high-performance metallic implants. Inspired by the functional surface of natural biological systems, many new designs and conceptions have recently emerged to create multifunctional surfaces with great potential for biomedical applications. This review firstly introduces the metallic biomaterials, important surface properties, and then elaborates some strategies on achieving the bioinspired surface functionalization for metallic biomaterials.

Bioinspired surface functionalization of metallic biomaterials

Electroless Ni–P plating on AZ91D magnesium alloy from a sulfate solution

Zinc phosphate coating was formed on AZ91D magnesium alloy through a phosphating bath where H3PO4, ZnO, Zn(NO3)2 and NaF were applied. Chlorate (NaClO3) was used as an accelerator of phosphatization to replace nitrite. The coating compositions were hopeite (Zn3 (PO4)2·4H2O) and Zn. The growth process of the phosphate film on the magnesium alloy substrate was investigated by SEM observation and XRD analysis. In the early stage (0–60 s) of phosphatization, both hopeite and metallic zinc nucleated and grew together on the substrate to form flower structure. A great number and uniform nucleation of hopeite and metallic zinc implied that they formed on the β and α phases of the AZ91D magnesium alloy simultaneously. Afterwards, because magnesium alloy substrate was almost fully covered, only hopeite deposited continuously to form slab-like structure. The formed zinc phosphate coatings exhibited high corrosion resistance in 5% NaCl solution as shown by polarization measurement.

/pdf/growth-of-zinc-phosphate-coatings-on-az91d-magnesium-alloy-4b8bqq938f.pdf

Growth of zinc phosphate coatings on AZ91D magnesium alloy

An electroless Ni–P deposition process has been developed to treat the AZ91D magnesium alloy surfaces against corrosion. Magnesium alloy AZ91D was first phosphatized in a zinc phosphating bath containing molybdate. Then an electroless Ni–P deposition was carried out on the phosphate coating from a sulfate solution. The phases in the phosphate coatings were analyzed by XRD. Microstructures of phosphate coatings and electroless Ni–P depositions were observed by SEM and EDS. It was found that there was metallic zinc in the phosphate coating and the addition of Na 2 MoO 4 in the phosphating bath resulted in the increase of zinc in the coating. A lot of disperse metallic zinc particles acted as the catalyst nuclei for the succeeding Ni–P deposition. Consequently, the Ni–P depositions with dense and fine microstructure were obtained on the phosphate coatings gained from the phosphating bath wherein 2.0∼2.5g/L Na 2 MoO 4 was added. The Ni–P plus phosphate coatings on the AZ91D magnesium alloy exhibited acceptable corrosion resistance as shown by the results of the Salt Spray Corrosion Test.

Guangyu Li

Papers

A study and application of zinc phosphate coating on AZ91D magnesium alloy

Bioinspired surface functionalization of metallic biomaterials

Electroless Ni–P plating on AZ91D magnesium alloy from a sulfate solution

Growth of zinc phosphate coatings on AZ91D magnesium alloy

Electroless Ni–P deposition plus zinc phosphate coating on AZ91D magnesium alloy