The paper is concerned with the purification of exhaust gases using biocatalysts in a trickle bed reactor. Substance specific strains (monocultures) which were, for example, immobilised on activated carbon served as biocatalyst. Technically important solvents and substances such as aldehydes, methyl ethyl ketone and ethyl acetate were used as pollutants. Their concentration was about 5–40 ppm in the exhaust gas to be purified. The experiments show that with suitable bacterial, strains space velocities of about k
*=1500 h-1 can be obtained at a conversion of 90%. The mass transfer through the liquid film around the activated carbon grains seems to be rate determining.

Exhaust gas purification using immobilised monocultures (biocatalysts)

The effect of nitrate on VOC removal in trickle-bed biofilters

The present research work was intended to find out the useful information on identification, separation and photocatalytic degradation of organic compounds present in leather industry wastewater. The separation of organic compounds present in leather industry wastewater was carried out by solvent extraction. The separated crude extracted products were purified through column chromatography and characterized by UV–vis spectrophotometer, gas chromatography–mass spectrophotometer, liquid chromatography–mass spectrophotometer, 1H and 13C Fourier-transform nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The elemental analysis of wastewater and solid residue was carried out by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. The organic compounds such as nonadec-1-ene, 2-phenylethanol, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol and other organic compounds in the leather industry wastewater were identified. Out of these organic compounds, 2-phenylethanol was photocatalytically degraded using standard Degussa P-25 TiO2 (100 mg) photocatalyst under the irradiation of UV light. Result has been shown that 2-phenylethanol was transformed into 2-tert-butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol then the prolonged time (30 h) irradiation leads to 100 % degradation of 2-phenylethanol. Further possible degradation mechanism of 2-phenylethanol was proposed based on the electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analysis of degraded samples. The degradation of 2-phenylethanol was confirmed by chemical oxygen demand analysis of degraded samples. The physicochemical parameters such as pH, color, chemical oxygen demand, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity and ionic chromatography analysis of the leather industry wastewater were also measured.

/pdf/study-on-identification-of-leather-industry-wastewater-20abqnj3tg.pdf

Study on identification of leather industry wastewater constituents and its photocatalytic treatment

Biological deodorization using activated carbon fabric as a carrier of microorganisms

The present research work was intended to find out the useful
information on identification, separation and photocatalytic
degradation of organic compounds present in leather industry
wastewater. The separation of organic compounds present in leather
industry wastewater was carried out by solvent extraction. The
separated crude extracted products were purified through column
chromatography and characterized by UV–vis spectrophotometer, gas
chromatography–mass spectrophotometer, liquid
chromatography–mass spectrophotometer, 1H and 13C
Fourier-transform nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The
elemental analysis of wastewater and solid residue was carried out by
inductively coupled plasma-optical emission and X-ray fluorescence
spectroscopy. The organic compounds such as nonadec-1-ene,
2-phenylethanol, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol and other organic compounds in
the leather industry wastewater were identified. Out of these organic
compounds, 2-phenylethanol was photocatalytically degraded using
standard Degussa P-25 TiO2 (100 mg) photocatalyst under the irradiation
of UV light. Result has been shown that 2-phenylethanol was transformed
into 2-tert-butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol
then the prolonged time (30 h) irradiation leads to 100 % degradation
of 2-phenylethanol. Further possible degradation mechanism of
2-phenylethanol was proposed based on the electrospray ionization mass
spectrometry analysis of degraded samples. The degradation of
2-phenylethanol was confirmed by chemical oxygen demand analysis of
degraded samples. The physicochemical parameters such as pH, color,
chemical oxygen demand, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity
and ionic chromatography analysis of the leather industry wastewater
were also measured.

/pdf/study-on-identification-of-leather-industry-51w0x0hk2w.pdf

Study on identiﬁcation of leather industry wastewaterconstituents and its photocatalytic treatment

Biological waste-gas scrubbing plants are already successfully operating in industry. Bacterial suspensions from sewage plants are used as scrubbing fluids in these plants. The fundamentals of reaction engineering and process technology for this technique are considered in this paper. The degradation and the absorption of a pollutant was investigated experimentally under idealized conditions. The consequences of these results on the design of the equipment are then discussed. Finally, this biological waste-gas scrubbing process is compared with a chemical one.

Absorption and oxidation of pollutants using bacterial cultures (monocultures)

A model system is used to study the reaction engineering fundamentals of the biological waste gas scrubbing process, and some kinetic measurements of the biodegradation of pollutants dissolved in the absorbent are presented.

H. J. Rehm

Papers

Absorption and oxidation of pollutants using bacterial cultures (monocultures)

Biodegradation of organic waste gas pollutants with bacterial suspensions