Integrated optics and new wave phenomena in optical waveguides

The theory and recent applications of waves in periodic structures are reviewed. Both the Floquet and coupled waves approach are analyzed in some detail. The theoretical part of the paper includes wave propagation in unbounded and bounded active or passive periodic media, wave scatterring from periodic boundaries, source radiation (dipole, Cerenkov, transition, and Smith-Purcell) in-periodic media, and pulse transmission through a periodic slab. The applications part covers the recent development in a variety of fields: distributed feedback oscillators, filters, mode convertors, couplers, second-harmonic generators, deflectors, modulators and transducers in the fields of integrated optics and integrated surface acoustics. We also review the work on insect compound eyes, mehanical structures ocean waves, pulse compressions, temperature waves, and cholestric liquid crystals. Particles interaction with crystals is briefly reviewed, especially in the case of zeolite crystals and supelattices. Recent advances in fabrication techniques for very fine gratings me also covered. Finally, speculations about future problems and development in the field of waves in periodic structures are given.

/pdf/waves-in-active-and-passive-periodic-structures-a-review-1rmm6yq97w.pdf

Waves in active and passive periodic structures: A review

Random distributed feedback fibre lasers

This paper deals with the theory and device applications of periodic thin-film waveguides. Topics treated include mode solutions, optical filters, distributed feedback lasers (DFB), distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) lasers, grating couplers, and phase matching in nonlinear interactions.

/pdf/periodic-structures-for-integrated-optics-inegvy8lro.pdf

Periodic structures for integrated optics

We present a theoretical study of the effect of radiation losses on the mode selectivity of DFB lasers with second-order gratings. For a second-order grating, interference of the radiation due to first-order diffraction of oppositely propagating guided waves cancels the radiation loss at one of the edges of the spectrum gap. This provides threshold gain discrimination of order 10 cm-1against one of the two dominant modes occurring near the edges of the gap. This should allow fabrication of DFB lasers with properties that are nearly independent of the positions of the facets relative to the grating corrugations, which are uncontrolled. By applying antireflection coatings to the two ends, differential quantum efficiencies close to those of conventional Fabry-Perot lasers should be achievable.

Second-order distributed feedback lasers with mode selection provided by first-order radiation losses

A GaAs distributed‐feedback laser was fabricated and pumped optically. A narrow stimulated spectrum was obtained around 0.83 μ with threshold pumping power of ∼2 × 105 W/cm2.

/pdf/optically-pumped-gaas-surface-laser-with-corrugation-1jofbxv7z6.pdf

Optically pumped GaAs surface laser with corrugation feedback

Laser action was observed in GaAs epitaxial films using corrugation feedback. The output wavelength was found to depend on the corrugation period. The loss, threshold gain, and feedback parameters were determined and compared with theoretical predictions.

/pdf/laser-oscillation-in-epitaxial-gaas-waveguides-with-1ryym5c41i.pdf

H. W. Yen

Papers

Optically pumped GaAs surface laser with corrugation feedback

Laser oscillation in epitaxial GaAs waveguides with corrugation feedback

A Simplified Method for Determination of the Induced- Emission Cross Section of Neodymium Doped Glasses