We Now Know: Rethinking Cold War History

Editor's Foreword, Jon Woronoff Preface Acknowledgments Acronyms and Abbreviations Chronology Introduction THE DICTIONARY Appendixes I. Directors of National Intelligence II. Directors of Central Intelligence III. Directors of Central Intelligence Agency Bibliography About the Author

Historical Dictionary of United States Intelligence

This paper challenges the conventional wisdom that US power and preferences following World War II led to bilateralism in Asia and multilateralism in Western Europe. It argues that the challenges facing the United States in both regions were similar, as were US policies meant to address them. With some lag, the United States supported the economic recovery of the regional powers it had defeated (Germany and Japan), saw the restoration of regional trade as a prerequisite, sought military bases to assure postwar security, and envisioned rearming its former foes as part of its security strategy. The outcomes in the two regions reflected the preferences and reservations of regional actors. The critical differences between the regions were structural. The existence of middle powers was critical in Europe, the return of colonial powers to Asia precluded regional arrangements in the short term, and geostrategic differences shaped the requisites for regional security.

Recalcitrance and initiative: US hegemony and regional powers in Asia and Europe after World War II

Ranging from the Hawaiian Archipelago to the Aleutian Islands, from Silicon Valley to Guam, Pathways to the Present is a thoroughly researched and concisely argued account of economic and environmental change in the postwar "American" Pacific Following a brief survey of the history of the Pacific, the author takes the Hawaiian Islands as the center of American activities in the region and looks at interactions among native Hawaiian, developmental, military, and environmental issues in the archipelago after World War II

He then turns to land- and water-use problems that have intersected with more nebulous quality-of-life concerns to generate policy controversies in the Seattle region and the San Francisco Bay area, especially Silicon Valley Economic expansion and environmentalism in Alaska are examined through the lens of changes occurring along the Aleutians From there the study considers Hiroshima after its destruction by the atomic bomb in 1945, looking at residents’ desire to combine urban-planning concepts The author investigates the effort to remake Hiroshima as a high-tech city in the 1990s, an attempt inspired by the perceived success of Silicon Valley, and postwar planning on Okinawa, where American influences were particularly strong The final chapter takes into account issues raised on Guam regarding the growth of tourism and the use of the island for military purposes and links these to developments in the Philippines to the west and American Sâmoa to the south

An electronic version of this book is freely available thanks to the support of libraries working with Knowledge Unlatched, a collaborative initiative designed to make high-quality books open access for the public good The open-access version of this book is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 40 International (CC BY-NC-ND 40), which means that the work may be freely downloaded and shared for non-commercial purposes, provided credit is given to the author Derivative works and commercial uses require permission from the publisher

/pdf/pathways-to-the-present-u-s-development-and-its-consequences-4l222k445g.pdf

Pathways to the Present: U.S. Development and Its Consequences in the Pacific

Military History: Not Yet Over the Top@@@An Army for Empire: The United States Army in the Spanish-American War.@@@The Naval Aristocracy: The Golden Age of Annapolis and the Emergence of Modern American Navalism.

(1997). The ‘Bear’ in the Pacific? US intelligence perceptions of Soviet strategic power projection in the Pacific Basin and East Asia, 1945–1947. Intelligence and National Security: Vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 75-101.

The ‘Bear’ in the Pacific? US intelligence perceptions of Soviet strategic power projection in the Pacific Basin and East Asia, 1945–1947

Between 1943 and 1947, American strategic planners became convinced by the experiences of the Pacific War that future security could only be guaranteed by the complete control of Micronesia. In general, civilian policy makers and advisers believed that security requirements could be met through the device of international trusteeship. Aware of Soviet accusations of "territorial aggrandizement" and imperialism, civilian officials thought that American control under a United Nations facade would salvage the American image while ensuring security in the Pacific. Military officials, on the other hand, usually saw outright annexation as the only way adequately to fulfil American security requirements.1 While there were these important differences between military and civilian leaders over the form of control the United States should exercise in the Pacific, there was nevertheless a general consensus that American security required turning the Pacific Ocean area into "an American Lake."2

https://www.jstor.org/stable/info/3639910

The Beast in Paradise: The United States Navy in Micronesia, 1943-1947

We Fought the Navy and Won

Between 1945 and 1947, the United States set out on an imperial course to guarantee its future security in the Pacific Basis vis-a-vis potential aggressor nations in East Asia. Ensuring U.S. strategic control of the area meant wielding physical control over the economic resources of the Pacific islands conquered from Japan, especially the Mariana, Marshall, and Caroline groups composing Micronesia. By coupling these indigenous economies to that of the United States, American officials, particularly military officers, hoped to develop a local economy that could subsidize an American administration. Some even suggested creating a market economy in the islands that could buttress long-term U.S. control of the area by "Americanizing" the Pacific Islanders through the introduction of mainstream American consumer goods and social services. Historians have much to learn from this neglected episode of early Cold War history, since the economic administration of the Pacific islands conquered from Japan provided an exception to U.S. postwar protestations of "open doorism." Scholars of international relations will note the broad manner in which U.S. officials defined "strategic" security for the Pacific Basin. Finally, students of American "exceptionalism" will find interest in American officials' narrow, even legalistic, definitions of "imperialism," used to deflect international criticism that the United States was retreating from its wartime support for the decolonization of empires.

Hal M. Friedman

Papers

The ‘Bear’ in the Pacific? US intelligence perceptions of Soviet strategic power projection in the Pacific Basin and East Asia, 1945–1947

The Beast in Paradise: The United States Navy in Micronesia, 1943-1947

We Fought the Navy and Won

The Open Door in Paradise? United States Strategic Security and Economic Policy in the Pacific Islands, 1945-1947