This study is aimed at to contribute a detailed systematic review on research paradigms, sampling and instrument development issues in the field of business research. This study has reconnoitered the levels of theory and their implications in academic literature. With accession to this the methods of quantitative and qualitative research have been discussed. The main contribution of this study was to explore the sampling size issues. A meticulous review has bared the exact sample size that is supported by different researchers. In line with measurement scale has also been discussed based on previous literature support. Finally, the problems faced during scale development and items generation are discussed in detail.

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Research Design and Methods: A Systematic Review of Research Paradigms, Sampling Issues and Instruments Development

Extending the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) for studying the e-learning acceptance is not a new research topic, and it has been tackled by many scholars. However, the development of a comprehensive TAM that could be able to examine the e-learning acceptance under any circumstances is regarded to be an essential research direction. To identify the most widely used external factors of the TAM concerning the e-learning acceptance, a literature review comprising of 120 significant published studies from the last twelve years was conducted. The review analysis indicated that computer self-efficacy, subjective/social norm, perceived enjoyment, system quality, information quality, content quality, accessibility, and computer playfulness were the most common external factors of TAM. Accordingly, the TAM has been extended by the aforementioned factors to examine the students' acceptance of e-learning in five different universities in the United Arab of Emirates (UAE). A total of 435 students participated in the study. The results indicated that system quality, computer self-efficacy, and computer playfulness have a significant impact on perceived ease of use of e-learning system. Furthermore, information quality, perceived enjoyment, and accessibility were found to have a positive influence on perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness of e-learning system.

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Exploring Students’ Acceptance of E-Learning Through the Development of a Comprehensive Technology Acceptance Model

Risk, trust, and the interaction of perceived ease of use and behavioral control in predicting consumers use of social media for transactions

Determining an appropriate sample size is vital in drawing realistic conclusions from research findings. Although there are several widely adopted rules of thumb to calculate sample size, researchers remain unclear about which one to consider when determining sample size in their respective studies. ‘How large should the sample be?’ is one the most frequently asked questions in survey research. The objective of this editorial is three-fold. First, we discuss the factors that influence sample size decisions. Second, we review existing rules of thumb related to the calculation of sample size. Third, we present the guidelines to perform power analysis using the G*Power programme. There is, however, a caveat: we urge researchers not to blindly follow these rules. Such rules or guidelines should be understood in their specific contexts and under the conditions in which they were prescribed. We hope that this editorial does not only provide researchers a fundamental understanding of sample size and its associated issues, but also facilitates their consideration of sample size determination in their own studies.

/pdf/sample-size-for-survey-research-review-and-recommendations-4tzlfvj38o.pdf

Sample Size for Survey Research: Review and Recommendations

Be a “Superhost”: The importance of badge systems for peer-to-peer rental accommodations

Sample size determination is often an important step and decision that educational and organizational researchers are facing. The quality and precision of research is being influenced by inadequate, excessive or inappropriate sample sizes. Selecting the sample size for a study requires compromise between balancing the need for statistical power, economy and timeliness. There is a temptation for the researchers to take some short cuts. The paper describes the importance and procedure of determining sample size for continuous and categorical variables using Cochran’s (1977) formula. The paper illustrates the usage of sample sizes formula, including the formula for adjusting for Cochran’s (1977) correction when the sample size exceeds 5% of the population. Tables are included to help researchers in determining the sample size for a research problem based on any three alpha levels and a set of standard error rate for categorical and continuous data. Procedures for determining the appropriate sample size for multiple regression, factor analysis and structural equation modeling are discussed. Common issues in sample size determination are examined. Non-respondent sampling issues are also addressed.

http://sbr.journals.unisel.edu.my/ojs/index.php/sbr/article/download/12/20

Determining Sample Size for Research Activities

https://isiarticles.com/bundles/Article/pre/pdf/2445.pdf

Understanding medical tourists: Word-of-mouth and viral marketing as potent marketing tools

Patient-Centeredness Communication Strategy for the Medical Tourism Industry
The concept of patient-centeredness in the Malaysian medical tourism certified hospitals is the commonly preached topic amongst providers. However, there is hardly any nationwide research on medical tourism let alone health communication in Malaysia. Studies have shown that provider-patient communication significantly influences the satisfaction level and health outcomes and ultimately the behavioural intentions of the patients. As such, this research was designed to look at the sub-populations of medical tourists in Malaysia and to understand the differences that exist in these subpopulations. The results indicated that there were slight differences amongst the Indonesians and Singaporeans. The Indonesians were more loyal yet vocal as compared to the Singaporeans. On top of that there were more Indonesians that sought treatments in haematology, oncology, endocrinology, cardiology, and neurology. The results also revealed that Indonesians were more likely to rely on friends, agents, and media to gather information about medical tourism industry in Malaysia. More research needs to be done to understand the medical tourists in Malaysia in order for the providers to stay competitive.

/pdf/patient-centeredness-communication-strategy-for-the-medical-1ldytm6xxc.pdf

Patient-Centeredness Communication Strategy for the Medical Tourism Industry

Development of harvesting machines for oil palm.

The people of Iroyudan have organize the Jati Larangan and Sengon areas so that their function is no longer limited to being an area that has cultural historical value, but also has economic value by making it a tourist attraction. This study uses descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The theoretical basis used is the ASEAN standard community-based tourism management concept. The management of tourism through two existing tourist objects, namely Jati Larangan and Taman Sengon, has shown a fairly massive community involvement starting from planning, development, to its current management. The community is also consciously willing to prioritize common interests over individual interests. Tourism activities in Iroyudan to be well organized, so that people can begin to feel the benefits of tourism activities in their hamlet.

/pdf/community-based-tourism-in-the-management-of-tourism-in-jati-11e7az2e.pdf

Halim Ahmad

Papers

Determining Sample Size for Research Activities

Understanding medical tourists: Word-of-mouth and viral marketing as potent marketing tools

Patient-Centeredness Communication Strategy for the Medical Tourism Industry

Development of harvesting machines for oil palm.

Community Based Tourism in The Management of Tourism in Jati Larangan and Sengon Park