Hallam Hurt

TL;DR: Pronounced differences were found in Left perisylvian/Language and Medial temporal/Memory systems, along with significant differences in Lateral/Prefrontal/Working memory and Anterior cingulate/Cognitive control and smaller, nonsignificant differences in Occipitotemporal/Pattern vision and Parietal/Spatial cognition.

TL;DR: Young inner-city children have a high exposure to violence by age 7 years; many show signs of distress that frequently are not recognized by caregivers and correlates with poorer performance in school, symptoms of anxiety and depression, and lower self-esteem.

TL;DR: Using a longitudinally collected data set with ecologically valid in-home measures of childhood experience and later in-laboratory behavioral measures of cognitive ability, a double dissociation was found: on the one hand, there was a selective relation between parental nurturance and memory development, consistent with the animal literature on maternal buffering of stress hormone effects on hippocampal development.

TL;DR: Although no ECF was directly related to risk taking, working memory and one measure of reward processing performance (reversal learning) were inversely related to impulsivity.

TL;DR: Findings indicate that variation in normal childhood experience is associated with differences in brain morphology, and hippocampal volume is specifically associated with early parental nurturance, and neuroimaging evidence supporting the important role of warm parental care during early childhood for brain maturation is provided.