A road vehicle battery charging system includes an alternator, and a rectifier connecting the alternator across a battery. A further rectifier provides an additional d.c. output for energising the field winding of the alternator and this additional output is connected to the appropriate battery terminal via an ignition switch. A voltage sensing circuit operates to illuminate a warning lamp should the voltage on the line exceed a predetermined level.

Battery charging systems for road vehicles

A flip-top detergent dispenser (30) comprising a base means (31) having a funnel-shaped interior, a nozzle (22) positioned within the interior of the base means, and a detergent container support (32) connected by a hinge (33) to the base (31). The detergent container support (32) is designed to hold only a particular shaped detergent container (23), thus helping to insure that only suitable detergent products are used in the warewashing apparatus. The flip-top detergent dispensed (30), mounted on top of the dishwashing apparatus (1), is designed so that the detergent container (23) can be inserted into and removed from the detergent holder support (32) only in an upright position to prevent dripping of detergent sulution on to the user. Water will not spray up through the product nozzle (22) unless particularly shaped detergent container (23) is situated in the detergent support holder (32) and the detergent support holder (32) is closed. Preferably, the detergent support holder (32) has open areas so that labels including instructions and warnings can be read on the solid detergent container (23). A circular metallic ring (37) having a plurality of holes is situated around the funnel-shaped interior of the base (31). Water is flushed through the holes of the circular metallic ring (37) at designated times to insure that the detergent is rinsed down through the funnel-shaped interior of the base.

Dishwashing apparatus including a flip-flop solid detergent dispenser

A method of applying thin metal sensitizing deposits to the exposed silicon areas of a silicon substrate having areas of exposed silicon and silicon oxide, including the steps of immersing the silicon substrate in a basic, aqueous solution containing a metal salt of the metal to be deposited, particularly a nickel, cobalt, or platinum salt, and thereafter reducing the metal ion of the salt to the elemental metal by use of the exposed silicon as the reducing agent.

Method of applying thin metal deposits to a substrate

A thick-film voltage regulator for the electrical system of an automobile or the like incorporates a housing formed of heatconductive material with cooling ribs, and an encapsulated portion through which conductors pass for interconnection with other components of the electrical system. The regulator control circuit is a thick-film hybrid circuit formed on an insulating substrate and having burned-in conductor paths and resistors with discrete capacitors and semiconductors being connected thereto. A zener diode is incorporated for overvoltage protection on a separate metallic substrate mounted adjacent to the insulating substrate, and both substrates are supported on the housing in good heat-conducting relationship therewith.

Thick-film voltage regulator for three-phase alternators

A common emitter NPN type power transistor is directly fixed to an internal surface of a metallic housing serving as both a heat sink and a grounding terminal and a ceramic substrate provided with a thick film integrated circuit for controlling the transistor and its positive terminal perpendicular to the some is also fixed to the internal surface of the metallic housing through a layer of bonding agent to be spaced from the transistor. Alternatively the transistor may be fixed to the metallic housing through a high electrically conducting member.

Hybrid thick film integrated circuit heat dissipating and grounding assembly

To improve the operation of semiconductor control ignition systems under widely varying supply voltage conditions, a voltage divider having a division tap point is connected in parallel to the main switching part of the switching transistor of the ignition system, and a voltage breakdown element, typically a Zener diode is connected from the tap point to the control electrodes of the semiconductor switch to provide an additional control voltage thereto if the voltage at the tap point exceeds a value leading to breakdown of the breakdown device (Zener diode); the main control circuit for the main ignition transistor may be conventional.

Semiconductor controlled ignition systems for internal combustion engines

Integrated circuit voltage regulating arrangement

Contacts on a semiconductor body are formed by depositing a nickel coating through reduction of a nickel salt with sodium hypophosphite, followed by treating the semiconductor with a solvent for elemental yellow phosphorus to remove phosphorus from the contact area.

Hans Linstedt

Papers

Semiconductor controlled ignition systems for internal combustion engines

Integrated circuit voltage regulating arrangement

Process for providing contacts on a semiconductor body