The invention relates to a unipolar transverse flux machine in which the stator (11) and the rotor (12) have the same number of identical stator modules (14) and rotor modules (15) in order to attain a modular construction that is advantageous with regard to manufacturing technology. The rotor modules (15) are mounted in an aligned manner on the rotor shaft (13), and the stator modules (14) are rotated in opposite directions around an angle of rotation inside the housing (10). The angle of rotation of two stator modules (14) is 90° electric and the angle of rotation of m stator modules (14) is 360°/m electric, whereby m is an integer greater than 2. Each stator module (14) comprises a ring coil (23), which is coaxial to the rotor axis (19), U-shaped stator yokes (24) that overlap said ring coil, and magnetic return elements (25) arranged between the stator yokes. Each rotor module (15) is comprised of two rotor rings (16, 17) with outer denticulation and with a permanent magnet ring (18), which is magnetized with unipolarity toward the rotor axis (19) and which is located between said rotor rings.

Unipolar transverse flux machine.

Featured is a method for injection of a payload into the tissues of an organism or a body, including the steps of generating forces by electromagnetic repulsion and accelerating the payload to be injected, using the generated electromagnetic forces. The payload is thereby accelerated to a velocity sufficient for the payload to pass through the skin of the organism and be disposed in the subcutaneous tissues. The method further includes providing an electromagnetic force generating device that generates forces electromagnetically in a predetermined direction responsive to an electric current flowing through the device, wherein the step of generating includes passing an electric current through the electromagnetic force generating device to generate the electromagnetic repulsive forces used for accelerating the payload. Also featured is an electromagnetic force generating mechanism that includes a conductive member, which is configured so as to generate electromagnetic repulsive forces in a given direction to accelerate the payload responsive to a pulsed current passing through the conductive member. Additionally featured is an electromagnetic transdermal injection device including such an electromagnetic force generating mechanism, an electrical power supply and a switch that selectively interconnects the power supply and force generating mechanism to accelerate a payload such as a medicine.

Electromagnetic transdermal injection device and methods related thereto

The invention relates to an alternating current motor comprising a rotor having an exciter part arranged therein and a stator having two fixed armature coils wherein each of the coils is surrounded on three sides by U-shaped soft iron elements forming the stator poles and air gap. The free ends of the soft iron elements are shifted by one pole division against one another. A series of soft iron blocks form the exciter poles with the polarity of the poles alternating along the direction of rotation. Between the soft iron blocks of the rotor exciter part are arranged permanent magnets magnetized with alternating polarity wherein the face surface of the permanent magnets lying opposite the soft iron blocks is greater than half the face surface of the exciter poles formed by the soft iron blocks on the air gap.

Transversal flow machine in accumulator arrangement

This paper presents an analytical model of axial air gap induction motors with solid rotors that includes the two-dimensional current distribution in the rotor. The model is quasi-three-dimensional and considers the circumferential as well as radial and angular dimensions. Also, one can consider the various arrangements of the stator windings i.e., single layer, double layer, and gramme for this type of motor. The method is valid for both constant current and constant voltage sources. Comparison of the simulation results of the produced torque with the experimental ones shows the high accuracy of the proposed method.

Analytical Modeling of Axial Air Gap Solid Rotor Induction Machines Using a Quasi-Three-Dimensional Method

A linear variable transformer (LVDT) for use in a transducer. The LVDT has a non-ferromagnetic core which may eliminate Barkhausen noise and thereby improve the sensitivity of the resulting measurements. In one aspect, this system may be used in an atomic force microscope.

Linear variable differential transformers for high precision position measurements

Embodiments of an armature and magnet arrangement are specified with the aim of implementing large winding cross-sections with a small pole pitch in order thus to produce more favourable dimensioning and more favourable properties of electrical machines. In consequence, relatively large forces can be achieved per unit of the active pole surfaces (force densities) with lower losses in the armature winding, and thus lower utilisation of material with a high efficiency. A common feature of the proposals is that configurations of the magnetic circuits are specified whose parts enclose the armature winding on a plurality of sides transversely with respect to the movement direction, for example Figure 6. The magnetic flux is thus guided transversely, at least in subregions. Coils are provided which (related to their cross-sectional centre) have a greater extent than the pole pitch in the movement direction. They extend, for example, over more than two pole pitches before being closed in the transverse direction and running back. An approximately wave-shaped coil arrangement leads to additional material savings in the magnetic circuits and permits a reduction in the stray fluxes. As a result of their limited extent in the lateral direction, the arrangements are more suitable than conventional armature shapes (with projecting winding ends) for the design of double-acting disc machines. In consequence, very high powers can be achieved per rotor disc, as well as short structural lengths with a limited machine diameter.

Permanent magnet synchronous machine with transverse flux paths

An electromagnetic accelerator arrangement includes a stationary arrangement including at least one stationary primary coil, and a movable arrangement including at least one moveable secondary coil. The planes of the stationary and the moveable coils are parallel to a direction of movement of the moveable arrangement. The coils of the stationary and the movable arrangements have approximately the same coil width in the direction of movement of the moveable arrangement and transversely thereto, as well as the same coil separation in the direction of movement of the moveable arrangement. The at least one stationary primary coil includes at least two layers between which the at least one secondary coil of the movable component is movably disposed, the distance between the layers being kept small transversely to the direction of movement of the moveable arrangement.

Electromagnetic accelerator in flat coil arrangement

A current converter-fed synchronous machine with permanent magnet excitation is provided with a stator and a mobile excitation part comprising a plurality of permanent magnets (12) arranged flat in relation to the useful gap. The armature part arranged in the stator is provided with poles (4, 6) made of soft iron, which are split up into units distributed in the direction of movement in the same manner as the permanent magnets (12) on the mobile excitation part. The winding of the armature consists of a single strand with a conductor part (10) arranged in the direction of movement and partly surrounded by the poles (4, 6). In the synchronous machine the magnetic flux is fed transversally to the direction of movement. The winding of the armature may consist of coils each surrounding a plurality of adjacent poles. It may also form an annular coil extending over all the poles. The machine may form a linear drive or rotary machine, a double arrangement being possible in the two embodiments. The machine is fed by a converter and represents, in terms of the total effects achieved, a multiple-phase arrangement.

Current converter-fed synchronous machine with permanent magnet excitation

In a magnetic linear drive, a coil (10, 11) is provided, inside which a magnetic flow (13) can by produced by a current in axial direction (34). Said drive comprises an armature (1) that can only move perpendicular in relation to the axial direction (34) and that includes a magnetically active part (3) that is magnetized in a particularly antiparallel manner in relation to the axial direction (34). The armature is driven by a current impulse that accelerates said armature in the direction of the center of the coil independently of the starting position of the magnetically active part (3).

Magnetic linear drive

In order to achieve high force intensities with a favourable efficiency, a high magnetic-field intensity in the air gap has major significance. As a result of the so-called collector arrangement, relatively high air gap inductions can be achieved, with limited use of material for the permanent magnets. In order to reduce the relatively high armature reaction and the scatter, longitudinal lamination and a triangular shape of the soft-iron poles (Figure 4) are proposed. This results in an increased force intensity, a lower apparent power, less scatter and negligibly small surface losses. Furthermore, the possibility is provided for leakage-flux control, by means of which the air gap induction can be influenced. If the partial poles are magnetically conductively connected and permanent magnets are dispensed with, a highly favourable rotor arrangement results for reluctance machines. The use of a multi-phase winding and the capability for armature-field compensation by means of permanent magnets are proposed.

Hardo May

Papers

Permanent magnet synchronous machine with transverse flux paths

Electromagnetic accelerator in flat coil arrangement

Current converter-fed synchronous machine with permanent magnet excitation

Magnetic linear drive

Electrical machines having permanent-magnet excitation, and as a reluctance version in a laminated excitation arrangement