The membrane and the lesions of storage in preserved red cells.

A quantitative in vitro assay was employed to directly assess the effect of corticosteroids on the IgG and complement receptor function of human mononuclear phagocytic cells. In this system corticosteroids were solubilized with cholesterol-phospholipid sonicated dispersions before exposure to mononuclear cells. Solubilized corticosteroids at concentrations between 10(-4) and 10(-3) M inhibited both IgG and complement receptor activity in a dose-response fashion. Inhibition was dependent upon the time of interaction of the mononuclear cells with corticosteroids and was half-maximal by 15 min. The inhibitory effect at all concentrations of hydrocortisone was partially overcome by increasing the number of IgG molecules per erythrocyte. Hydrocortisone also inhibited the binding of erythrocytes coated with both IgG and C3, despite the fact that when both were on the erythrocyte surface a synergistic effect on binding to mononuclear cells was observed. At the steroid concentrations employed, the capacity of mononuclear cells to exclude trypan blue and to take up latex particles and neutral red was unaffected. Mineralocorticoids also inhibited receptor activity, but the sex hormones were less effective. These studies demonstrate an effect of steroid hormones on cell membrane receptor function, and they suggest that an inhibition of the recognition system for IgG and C3 in vivo may explain, in part, the effect of corticosteroids in man.

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Effect of corticosteroids on the human monocyte IgG and complement receptors.

Extracellular Disorders Influencing Hemolysis The major extracellular abnormalities are those in serum lipoproteins that induce secondary changes in the red cells by modifying the equilibrium of th...

Hemolysis and changes in erythrocyte membrane lipids. 2.

Prostaglandin E,(PGE,) increases the deformability of red blood cells by decreasing cell volume, while PGE2has the opposite effect. This takes place within seconds and requires low, physiological doses of prostaglandin. They may be important in controlling capillary circulation. These effects may play a role in the evolution of shock and essential hypertension. PGE has induced sickling in susceptible cells. PGE,inhibits while PGE2potentiates platelet aggregation induced by a variety of agents. These effects seem to be modulated by cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels, which are increased by PGE,and decreased by PGE2. Antiaggregation properties of PGE,markedly increase the poststorage yield of functional platelets for transfusion. Erythropoiesis is stimulated both by a direct effect on erythroid precursor cells and by stimulating erythropoietin release from kidneys of animals infused with PGE1.

https://jamanetwork.com/HttpHandlers/ArticlePdfHandler.ashx?journal=INTEMED&articleId=582301&pdfFileName=archinte_133_1_007.pdf

Prostaglandins in Hematology

Objective To determine whether transdermal progesterone cream has any effect on vasomotor symptoms, mood, sexual response, cardiovascular lipid levels, or bone mineral metabolic markers. Design A parallel, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial comparing the effect of a transdermal cream containing a progesterone (32 mg daily) with a placebo cream. Eighty postmenopausal women in the Menopause Centre at the Royal Hospital for Women, Sydney, were randomly allocated to receive either the progesterone cream or the placebo. They were evaluated using the Greene Climacteric Scale and the Menopause Quality of Life Questionnaire, as well as blood analysis for lipids and bone markers over a period of 12 weeks. Women were prescribed a cream containing either progesterone at 32 mg daily or a placebo cream for a period of 12 weeks. Results There was no detectable change in vasomotor symptoms, mood characteristics, or sexual feelings, nor was there any change in blood lipid levels or in bone metabolic markers, despite a slight elevation of blood progesterone levels. Conclusion The use of the transdermal route to administer progesterone at 32 mg daily does not seem to allow sufficient hormone to enter the body to achieve a biological effect on lipid levels, bone mineral metabolic markers, vasomotor symptoms, or moods.

Transdermal progesterone and its effect on vasomotor symptoms, blood lipid levels, bone metabolic markers, moods, and quality of life for postmenopausal women.

Human erythrocyte membrane. Uptake of progesterone and chemical alterations.

SummaryUnits of human blood were obtained from male and female donors and compared for changes in pH, ATP levels, plasma hemoglobin, and osmotic resistance during storage in ACD for a period up to 42 days. The data show that, by the criteria of the above in vitro determinations, the blood obtained from female donors is able to survive the storage lesions better than the blood from male donors. These results are attributed to the different endocrine systems in the human male and female and the capacity to form structurally and pharmacologically different endogenous steroid hormones. The possibility that these steroid hormones could interact with components of the red cell membrane and limit an increase in cell membrane permeability is discussed. A sample of blood obtained from an 8-month pregnant human female was also studied, the pattern of preservation of such blood was essentially the same as that observed with the blood of female donors.

Biochemical alterations during storage of human blood from male and female donors.

: Units of human blood were obtained from male and female donors and compared for changes in pH, ATP levels, in vitro spontaneous hemolysis, hexokinase activity, G-6-PD levels and osmotic resistance during storage in ACD for a period up to 42 days. The data show that, by the criteria of the above determinations, the blood obtained from female donors is better able to survive the storage lesions than the blood from male donors. These results are attributed to the different endocrine systems in the human male and female and the capacity to form structurally and pharmacologically different endogenous steroid hormones. The possibility that these steroid hormones could interact with components of the red cell membrane and limit an increase in cell membrane permeability is discussed. A sample of blood obtained from an 8-month pregnant human female was also studied; the pattern of preservation of such blood was essentially the same as that observed with the blood of female donors. (Author)

Harold L. Wilson

Papers

Human erythrocyte membrane. Uptake of progesterone and chemical alterations.

Biochemical alterations during storage of human blood from male and female donors.

Preservation of human blood from male and female donors.