A bioflocculant prepared with Bacillus fusiformis was used to treat tannery wastewater to detect the ability to remove total nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and colority from tannery wastewater. The bioflocculant was then subjected to component analysis for saccharides, proteins, glycoprotein, osamine, fat, and nucleic acid using the Molisch reaction, Biuret reaction, Anthrone reaction, Elson–Morgan method, Soxhlet extraction method, and spectrophotometry, respectively. The results demonstrated that the prepared bioflocculant was able to remove total nitrogen, COD, and colority from tannery wastewater. Component analysis revealed that the bioflocculant contained saccharides and proteins, which may have existed as glycoproteins, in addition to osamines and fats. The bioflocculant did not contain nucleic acid. These results will contribute to future research into the mechanism by which bioflocculants remove contaminants from tannery wastewater.

Qualitative analysis of components of bioflocculant prepared with Bacillus fusiformis for the treatment of tannery wastewater

In this study, three strains of bacteria Bacillus cereus CZ1001, B. subtilis CZ1002, and B. fusiformis CZ1003 were inoculated into four different kinds of culture medium. After growth, the supernatants were collected and added to kaolin suspensions to determine whether these Bacillus strains produced flocs that could be filtered out. Efficient bacteria and media were then selected to produce bioflocculants which were subsequently extracted using pre-cooled ethanol. After freeze drying, the flocculants were used to treat tannery wastewater. Results showed cultures of B. subtilis CZ1002 growing in media No. 4, B. cereus CZ1001 growing in media No. 1, and B. fusiformis CZ1003 growing in media No. 1. All had better flocculation effects. Treatment of the tannery wastewater with the bioflocculants produced under three conditions revealed bioflocculant produced by B. cereus CZ1001 growing in media No. 1 was best for treatment of tannery wastewater. This work contributes to application of bioflocculants for removal of tannery wastewater.

Screening of Bioflocculant and Preliminary Application toTreatment of Tannery Wastewater

COMPARISON OF FOOT MORPHOLOGY BETWEEN CHINESE AND MONGOLIAN CHILDREN ABSTRACT. Knowledge of foot morphology is fundamental to optimize children’s footwear design. The aim of this study is to compare the foot morphology of Chinese and Mongolian children from 7 to 14 years old. Relative data of 339 Mongolian children and another matched 379 Chinese children were collected using 3D foot scanner. The findings of this study are as follows: i) the absolute foot length of Chinese children is significantly greater than that of Mongolian children of the same age; ii) Mongolian children show significantly greater heel width, toe thickness, lateral malleolus height, instep height and ball girth compared to Chinese children of the same age. The foot width of Chinese children is significantly greater than that of Mongolian children of the same age; iii) Chinese children have a higher risk of hallux valgus than Mongolian children of both sexes. Small variations in foot morphology discussed in this paper could be useful when considering the shoes design for Mongolian and Chinese children.

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Comparison of foot morphology between chinese and mongolian children

A prepared bioflocculant previously shown to be effective in treating tannery wastewater was examined to detect its components Qualitative analysis revealed that the bioflocculant contained saccharides and proteins, which might have existed as glycoprotein, in addition to osamines and fats, but not nucleic acid Quantitative analysis showed the mass composition of the bioflocculant to be as follows: saccharides (08963 g/g); proteins (00206 g/g); osamines (00081 g/g); and fats (0055 g/g) It is expected that these results will contribute to future research into the mechanism by which the bioflocculant removes contaminants from tannery wastewater

Components of a Bioflocculant for Treating Tannery Wastewater

The water quality characteristics of tannery wastewater were introduced in this paper.The properties,effective mechanisms of different types of the flocculants,their research development and the application prospects in tannery effluent treatment are discussed in detail.

Research Progress and Application of Flocculants in Tannery Effluent Treatment

Data of foot shape and plantar pressures of 35 young women whose age were between 18 and 27 were collected by using 3D scanner and Footscan plate systemResults show that: the difference is found on foot shape between the contemporary Chinese young women and the national adults;regression equation between the ball girth and the foot length is: Ball girth = 98264 + 0525 foot lengthIn other words,the ball girth increases 525 mm when the foot length increases 10mm;during the normal walking the peak pressure is found in the second metatarsal,the third metatarsal and the heel part areas;the significant difference is found in the distribution of the plantar pressures between the left and the right foot

HE You-jie

Papers

Research Progress and Application of Flocculants in Tannery Effluent Treatment

Research on Foot Shape and Plantar Pressure Distribution of Contemporary Chinese Young Women