Heather L. Schwartz

TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that students' skills and knowledge often deteriorate during the summer months, with low-income students facing the largest losses, and they can benefit from the lessons learned by other programs in terms of developing strategies to maximize program effectiveness and quality, student participation, and strategic partnerships and funding.

TL;DR: The most frequently identified school practices were cancelling or postponing after-school activities, canceling classes or activities with a high rate of mixing/contact that occur within the school day, and reducing mixing during transport.

TL;DR: This paper examined the impact of No Child Left Behind (NCLB) on the behavior of school personnel and students' academic achievement in nationally representative samples and found that accountability pressure from NCLB lowers teachers' perceptions of job security and causes untenured teachers in high-stakes grades to work longer hours than their peers.

TL;DR: This paper examined how states' NCLB implementation decisions were related to their schools' failure rates, which ranged from less than 1% to more than 80% across states, and found that wide cross-state variation in failure rates resulted from how states’ decisions interacted with each other and with school characteristics.

TL;DR: Addressing several crosscutting considerations can increase the likelihood that social distancing practices will be feasible and acceptable to school stakeholders.