Heidi Partanen

TL;DR: Results from placental perfusions provide the first direct evidence of the actual transfer of AFB1 and its metabolism to aflatoxicol (AFL) by human placenta, and in vitro incubations with placental cytosolic fraction confirmed the capacity of human Placenta to form AFL.

TL;DR: This study is the first to pursue the transfer of OTA through perfused human placenta and clearly contradict the existing epidemiological studies reporting higher OTA levels in fetal than in maternal circulation in vivo.

TL;DR: As the variance in all parameters within a study decreased after antipyrine normalization, it is concluded that this normalization approach at least partially corrects the bias caused by the small methodological differences between studies.

TL;DR: This study demonstrates that the human fetus can be exposed to NDMA from the maternal circulation and shows that NDMA is not metabolized in full-term human placenta from healthy non-smoking, non-drinking mothers.

TL;DR: Estimating the contribution of an ABC transporter for fetal exposure localization has to be taken into account in addition to the level of expression, functional status and substrate specificity, because interference in the function of transporters may significantly increase the fetal exposure to xenobiotics or drugs.