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Showing papers by "Helmut Krcmar published in 2006"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This research identifies and analyzed incongruencies between members and operators of virtual communities in the German speaking Internet and empirically validated insights into success factors for establishing and managing virtual communities.
Abstract: Virtual communities have been the focus of research for some time. However, although many studies have provided recommendations on how to build, extend, and manage virtual communities, few have verified the success factors they have considered essential for virtual communities. Conclusions made regarding basic preferences and distinct priorities of different stakeholders in virtual communities have not been empirically substantiated. Building on previous work on success factors of virtual communities, in this article, we present a ranking of success factors discussed in the literature based on an online survey among operators and members of virtual communities in the German speaking Internet. Consequently, we identified and analyzed incongruencies between members and operators. This research gains first empirically validated insights into success factors for establishing and managing virtual communities. We derived recommendations for operators of virtual communities on the basis of the findings, and we present an agenda for future research in the field.

113 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an approach to community engineering that is grounded in literature on virtual communities and innovation research is presented for the systematic design, implementation and operation of virtual communities in general and in healthcare in particular.
Abstract: Virtual communities offer anytime/anyplace access to information and multi-directional exchange with peers in similar situations. They can be beneficial for members and operators. VCs seem especially useful for chronically ill patients since they have strong information and interaction needs. Astonishingly few VCs can be found throughout the German healthcare system and literature neglects that VC could be created and operated systematically. This article presents an approach to community engineering that is grounded in literature on VCs and innovation research. It is the basis for piloting a VC for cancer patients in Germany. This approach and its underlying design elements and success factors are evaluated longitudinally considering user acceptance, perceived usefulness and emerging virtual social networks. The results show that successful community engineering is possible and the presented approach offers support for the systematic design, implementation and operation of virtual communities in general and in healthcare in particular.

41 citations


Proceedings Article
04 Aug 2006
TL;DR: Recommendations for patients using online communities and providers administrating online communities are outlined after it is examined whether online communities meet their theoretical potential to provide an environment where social relationships can be established that help cancer patients to cope with their situation.
Abstract: This study investigates the determinants and effects of virtual communities on the development of social relationships within the social network of cancer patients. Influencing factors on the formation of virtual relationships and their effect in the form of social assistance are researched. Following an explorative approach it is examined whether online communities meet their theoretical potential to provide an environment where social relationships can be established that help cancer patients to cope with their situation. Deduced from these results recommendations for patients using online communities and providers administrating online communities are outlined.

21 citations


Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: In this paper, a wachsenden Vergleichbarkeit von Produkten and einfachen, produkt-begleitenden Dienstleistungen versuchen Produkthersteller vielfach durch einen Wandel zum Losungsanbieter zu begegnen.
Abstract: Einer wachsenden Vergleichbarkeit von Produkten und einfachen, produkt-begleitenden Dienstleistungen versuchen Produkthersteller vielfach durch einen Wandel zum Losungsanbieter zu begegnen (JOHANSSON et al. 2003). Kern solcher Strategien sind hybride Produkte (im Folgenden auch als Losungen bezeichnet). Darunter sind zu kundenspezifischen Problemlosungen integrierte Leistungsbundel aus Sachgutern und Dienstleistungen zu verstehen, deren Wert fur den Kunden durch die Integration den Wert der Teilleistungen ubersteigt (KERSTEN et al. 2005; JOHANSSON et al. 2003; REISS, PRAUER 2001).

20 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A teaching case is provided, which is based on an analysis of the DCXNET initiative which bundled all e-business actions taken by DaimlerChrysler to exploit the opportunities of this then new technology.
Abstract: In 1999, the automotive industry was in a difficult situation: overcapacity and customer demand for faster delivery and better service drove executives to explore the potential business value of the internet. The authors provide a teaching case, which is based on an analysis of the DCXNET initiative which bundled all e-business actions taken by DaimlerChrysler to exploit the opportunities of this then new technology. The teaching case describes the strategic planning process for e-business at DaimlerChrysler, resulting organizational structures and an outline of the components of DCXNET. Furthermore, the authors provide results of the initiative, success factors and lessons learned.

16 citations


Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2006

16 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
26 Jun 2006
TL;DR: The extraction of load patterns are shown and self-organizing controlling concepts are presented in the context of the SAP HCC to show the cyclical resource consumption of many applications.
Abstract: To ensure the operability and reliability of large scale Enterprise Resource Planning Systems (ERP), a peak-load oriented hardware sizing is often used. Better utilization can be achieved by employing an adaptive infrastructure based on smaller computational units in combination with an intelligent allocation management. The SAP University Competence Center (German SAP HCC) at the Technische Universit ¨at M¨unchen provides support for 55 ERP training systems. The evaluation of the historical load data revealed that many applications exhibit cyclical resource consumption. In this paper we show the extraction of load patterns and present self-organizing controlling concepts in the context of the SAP HCC.

14 citations


Proceedings Article
01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: A typology of five archetypes of outsourcing relationships that match customer expectations of the development of an outsourcing arrangement to the constituent factors of outsourcing relationship are developed.
Abstract: An ongoing discussion in IS research and practice emphasizes that divergent expectations of clients and vendors seem to contribute to outsourcing failures. Research in IS outsourcing has thus increasingly turned its attention to the role of relationship management between client and vendor. So far, studies have focused on addressing relationship factors in general, not taking different outsourcing settings and expectations of client and vendor into account. However, the importance and characteristics of relationship factors depend very much on the type of outsourcing arrangement. Extant research hardly distinguishes different types of relationships and their specific characteristics in certain outsourcing environments. Based on a comprehensive literature review and initial expert interviews we develop a typology of five archetypes of outsourcing relationships that match customer expectations of the development of an outsourcing arrangement to the constituent factors of outsourcing relationships. Managerial implications evolving from this typology and directions for future research are discussed.

13 citations


01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: In this paper, a kritische analysis of Referenzmodelle für IT-Prozesse is presented, in which the authors present a systematischer Vergleich ausgewhlter ReferenZmodelle hinsichtlich der enthaltenen Inhalte.
Abstract: Der Beitrag enth?lt eine kritische Analyse der Referenzmodelle f?r IT-Prozesse. Zuerst wird ein ?berblick ?ber Referenzmodelle f?r das IT Service Management gegeben. Diese ?bersicht wird durch einige Referenzmodelle erg?nzt, deren Ursprung im Bereich Softwareentwicklung liegt. Im Anschluss daran erfolgt ein systematischer Vergleich ausgew?hlter Referenzmodelle hinsichtlich der darin enthaltenen Inhalte. Auf Basis dieser Untersuchung werden Schlussfolgerungen f?r die Anwendung von Referenzmodellen in der Praxis abgeleitet. Der Beitrag schlie?t mit einem Ausblick auf die Probleme, die bei der Umsetzung der Referenzmodelle entstehen k?nnen und geht kurz auf m?gliche L?sungsoptionen ein.

11 citations


Proceedings Article
01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: An assessment instrument for a systematic identification of changing customer demands on a business level and resulting flexibility requirements on an IT level that clients and vendors can utilize to structure their discussions in an early phase of an outsourcing relationship is proposed.
Abstract: Information systems (IS) outsourcing relationships are determined by uncertainties and changing business environments for both client and vendor over a long-term outsourcing lifecycle. Although IS outsourcing arrangements have been widely researched, little attention has been paid to how changing business circumstances and resulting customer demands can be systematically assessed, considered, and integrated in adapted service offerings. In this paper we argue that flexibility and agility are the key to handle uncertainty in IS outsourcing and to achieve a continuous fit in the outsourcing relationship. However, the later clients and vendors identify changing requirements the more expensive it generally becomes to provide the necessary flexibility in outsourcing arrangements. This paper proposes an assessment instrument for a systematic identification of changing customer demands on a business level and resulting flexibility requirements on an IT level that clients and vendors can utilize to structure their discussions in an early phase of an outsourcing relationship. Based on a thorough literature review and a requirements analysis with qualitative expert interviews, relevant dimensions and parameters of customers’ flexibility requirements are derived. These dimensions are involved in the design of the assessment instrument. Managerial implications and directions for future research, especially on the applicability and evaluation of the instrument are discussed.

10 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: Integrationsarchitekturarchetypen entwickeln sich zu einem zentralen Thema im Gesundheitswesen Parallel zu der Bestrebung der Bundesregierung, eine interoperable Telematikplattform fur das Gebruch in Krankenhaus and im GBS ist eine adaquate Informationssystemintegration.

Book ChapterDOI
15 Jun 2006
TL;DR: This chapter includes a survey of both the projects forming the group and their collaboration in order to integrate the systems designed by them into the agent testbed named Agent.Hospital.
Abstract: In SPP 1083 the Hospital Logistics group studies the applicability of agent-based information systems in health care business scenarios by identifying problems, analyzing requirements, elaborating the state of the art of conventional and agent-based systems, specifying and designing multiagent applications, and evaluating their application. This chapter includes a survey of both the projects forming the group and their collaboration in order to integrate the systems designed by them into the agent testbed named Agent.Hospital. Therefore, two exemplary (hospital) processes are presented involving each project’s multiagent application. Also, the ontology OntHoS and agent infrastructure services used in Agent.Hospital are shown.

01 Jun 2006
TL;DR: In this article, the perceived strategic importance of RFID among IT decision makers, current RFID usage, companies' intentions to invest in RFID and companies' visions of the future RFID application is investigated.
Abstract: RFID technologies are currently considered a hot topic in the IT arena and have been described as a major enabling technology for automated, contactless, wireless data collection. Little is known about the perceived strategic importance of RFID among IT decision makers, current RFID usage, companies' intentions to invest in RFID and companies’ visions of RFID application. This research contributes quantitative data on IT decision makers’ view of RFID across various industries and company sizes in Italy. RFID is currently not very widespread. Many IT decision makers have not even heard about it. Those who have thought about the topic perceive RFID as a strategic issue. They expect the importance of RFID to rise significantly over the next few years. Companies’ RFID budgets will rise over the next 5 years and IT decision makers are willing to invest in the technology. However, RFID is not a topic of high priority on the IT agenda. IT decision makers hope for more process accuracy and reduction of errors. Moreover, they see RFID as a means to enable new service, even though they do not think it could influence their core competencies significantly.

Proceedings Article
01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: This work proposes the foundation of integration patterns that supports eliciting integration requirements in two dimensions: process & IT and service management and presents two pattern candidates.
Abstract: Current industry trends suggest that IT services are being sourced more selectively. A prominent example of such an IT service is the user help desk that is often an integrated service, where different sub-services are being delivered by different service providers. Hence IT service providers face the challenges of integrating business processes and IT elements as well as service management tasks such as managing service contracts within a service delivering network more efficiently. Due to the dynamic nature of the IT services industry eliciting integration requirements is a crucial and recurring step in such endeavors. Hence we propose the foundation of integration patterns that supports eliciting integration requirements in two dimensions: process & IT and service management. Such patterns support reusing gained experience by capturing integration problems and proven solutions. Although our approach is still research in progress we present two pattern candidates.

01 May 2006
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the Bedeutung of Dienstleistungen in the IT-Bereich, insbesondere IT Consulting, System Integration, Outsourcing, and Hardware Maintenance and Support.
Abstract: Im Markt f?r Informationstechnik kommt neben Hard- und Software den Dienstleistungen eine immer gr??ere Bedeutung zu. Bei gro?en Hardware-Herstellern ?bertreffen inzwischen die Ums?tze mit Dienstleistungen und Software die mit Hardware. Zu Dienstleistungen im IT-Bereich z?hlen insbesondere IT Consulting, System Integration, Outsourcing sowie Hardware Maintenance und Support.

Book Chapter
01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: Only socially accepted, technically stable and economically feasible solutions can ensure sustainable success of (mobile) virtual healthcare communities and the COSMOS project addresses these topics.
Abstract: Virtual communities can – theoretically – be described as a solution for meeting ubiquitous information and interaction needs. Such needs occur in healthcare, when for example freshly diagnosed cancer patients develop very strong information and interaction needs. But how can such a platform for cancer patients be designed, implemented and introduced practically? What specifications must a possible technical infrastructure meet? The COSMOS project addresses these topics. Besides these aspects, new technological possibilities like mobile services and mobile devices are influencing virtual communities. Subjects like ubiquitous community access, new possibilities of user identification, and location-related services are of special interest since they might allow real anytime-anyplace access to the community platform. Thus new, value-adding services to community members could be added. But nevertheless: Only socially accepted, technically stable and economically feasible solutions can ensure sustainable success of (mobile) virtual healthcare communities.

Proceedings Article
01 Jun 2006
TL;DR: This paper presents empirical insights on CIOs’ perceptions of RFID regarding its strategic importance, the relevance ofRFID compared to other IT topics, and their RFID visions for the future of their company.
Abstract: RFID is currently considered a hot topic in the IT arena. It is described as major enabling technology for automated contactless wireless data collection, and as an enabler for the real-time enterprise, a future vision of enterprise information systems. But little is known about the perceived strategic importance of RFID among IT decision makers, current RFID usage and areas of application, or companies' intentions to invest in RFID. In this paper we intend to fill this gap. We convey a quantitative survey among CIOs in Germany across various industries. We present empirical insights on CIOs’ perceptions of RFID regarding its strategic importance, the relevance of RFID compared to other IT topics, and their RFID visions for the future of their company.

01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: The results show that successful community engineering is possible and the presented approach offers support for the systematic design, implementation and operation of virtual communities in general and in healthcare in particular.

01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: In this article, ausgegliederte IT-GmbHs, Telekommunikations-and Netzwerkanbieter, ausgedrückte IT GmbH, Internet-and Neue Medien-Unternehmen hinzugesto?en sind, weil zu den?klassischen? Lieferanten in diesen M?rkten Dienstleis-tungsbereiche gro?er Hardware-Anbieters
Abstract: IT-Dienstleistungsm?rkte stehen seit einigen Jahren unter steigendem Wettbewerbsdruck. Zudem kehrt in einigen Segmenten zurzeit wieder Wachstumsdynamik ein. Allerdings ist ein ?Boom? wie in der Phase des letzten Jahrtausendwechsels kurz- und mittelfristig nicht wieder in Sicht ? unter anderem, weil zu den ?klassischen? Lieferanten in diesen M?rkten Dienstleis-tungsbereiche gro?er Hardware-Anbieter und weitere Akteure wie Telekommunikations- und Netzwerkanbieter, ausgegliederte IT-GmbHs sowie Internet- und Neue Medien-Unternehmen hinzugesto?en sind.

02 Jun 2006
TL;DR: Durch die Schaffung einer geeigneten Infrastruktur k?nnen Ger?te lokalisiert, ausgew?hlte Parameter automatisch ausgelesen und aus der Ferne eingespielt werden, lassen sich Ressourcen besser planen, steuern and kontrollieren.
Abstract: Ziel des vorliegenden Vorhabens ist die Entwicklung einer L?sung zum ortsunabh?ngigen Medizinger?temanagement im Klinikbetrieb. Standort oder Betriebsbereitschaft der ?ber das gesamte Klinikum verteilten hochpreisigen mobilen medizinischen Ger?te sind oftmals unklar. Durch die Schaffung einer geeigneten Infrastruktur k?nnen Ger?te lokalisiert, ausgew?hlte Parameter automatisch ausgelesen und aus der Ferne eingespielt werden. Hierdurch lassen sich Ressourcen besser planen, steuern und kontrollieren. Dieser Beitrag besch?ftigt sich mit der Konzeption und prototypischen WLAN-basierten Implementierung. Anwendungsfeld der Arbeit ist der Bereich der An?sthesiologie in einem Referenzklinikum. Basierend auf einer empirischen Anforderungsanalyse wird ein System zur Lokalisierung und Verwaltung von medizinischen Ger?ten konzipiert und prototypisch implementiert, das die Standortbestimmung und das automatisierte Auslesen von ausgew?hlten Parametern bez?glich der Betriebsbereitschaft und des Zustandes von mobilen Ger?ten und Apparaten im Krankenhaus in Echtzeit realisiert. Dieses System stellt eine erste Ausbaustufe zur Verifikation des Ansatzes dar und dient der Ermittlung von Realisierbarkeit, Funktionalit?t und potentiellen Problemen. Basierend auf den gewonnenen Erfahrungen wird ein Ausblick gegeben.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
01 Oct 2006
TL;DR: The impact and limitations of modular service platforms are shown based on two action research studies with IT service providers using the information systems modularization and standardization (IS-MOST) method.
Abstract: In this paper we show the impact and limitations of modular service platforms based on two action research studies with IT service providers. The projects used the Information Systems Modularization and Standardization (IS-MOST) method. The resulting modular platform enables providers to match the required scope of services of individual solutions from a set of defined modules. The modular platform can also facilitate a gap analysis of missing services as well as a systematic process of change management. The action research projects, however, also expose the limitations caused by, the heterogeneity of custom systems and quality objectives that a provider needs to match. Service providers thus need to complement modularization with measures aimed at managing or reducing the heterogeneity of custom systems and service objectives.

Journal Article
TL;DR: Das Gesundheitswesen und insbesondere auch Krankenh?user zeichnen sich durch hohe Verteilung and Heterogenit?t entlang der Phasen Pr?vention, Fr?herkennung, Behandlung and Nachsorge aus.
Abstract: Das Gesundheitswesen und insbesondere auch Krankenh?user zeichnen sich durch hohe Verteilung und Heterogenit?t entlang der Phasen Pr?vention, Fr?herkennung, Behandlung und Nachsorge aus. Damit verbunden ist der Einsatz unterschiedlicher Medien und heterogener Informationssysteme. Potenziell fehlerbehaftete Datentransfers sowie zus?tzlich erforderlicher Arbeitsaufwand, welche zum Verlust von Behandlungsqualit?t und Arbeitsineffizienz beitragen k?nnen, sind die Folge. Der Beitrag verdeutlicht, wie Softwareagenten f?r die ?berwindung von Medienbr?chen bei der Patientenversorgung eingesetzt werden k?nnen. Nach einer Einf?hrung in die M?glichkeiten von Softwareagenten und deren Kombination mit mobilen Endger?ten wird auf einen implementierten agentenbasierten L?sungsvorschlag f?r einen ausgew?hlten Behandlungsprozess im Klinikum rechts der Isar in M?nchen eingegangen. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen die grunds?tzliche Eignung von Softwareagenten zur ?berwindung von Medienbr?chen bei der Patientenversorgung, die wiederum zur Steigerung der Behandlungsqualit?t und Senkung der Behandlungskosten f?hren k?nnen. Abschlie?end werden Chancen und Risiken von Agenten f?r die Optimierung der Informationslogistik im Gesundheitswesen aufgezeigt und ein Ausblick auf n?chste Forschungsarbeiten gegeben.

Proceedings Article
01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: The design of a business game as an effective and efficient possibility to introduce results of the latest IT research and expertise into vocational and academic training and a CIO decision framework constitutes the fundament for this computer-supported game.
Abstract: This article presents the design of a business game as an effective and efficient possibility to introduce results of the latest IT research and expertise into vocational and academic training. A CIO decision framework ? in connection with empirical results - constitutes the fundament for this computer-supported game. The ?CIO ? High Performance Business Simulation?, which has already been used successfully for the practical training with students, delivers a realistic insight into the complexity of IT and business management. Furthermore it opens different options for a systematic training on the way to an IT executive. Purposeful communication, assertiveness compared with the other team members and a high level of knowledge are required in order to achieve sustained success with the company in the game. The main building blocks, design concepts and criteria for the transformation of the theoretical demands into a business game are pointed out in this article.

Proceedings Article
01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: This paper proposes a framework for analyzing information technology by reconstructing its inner structure and transfers concepts of philosophical Structuralism to technologies by analyzing the striking proximity in the assembly of theories and technologies as conceptual networks.
Abstract: With the rise of technological advance, organizations require methods and tools to analyze technologies regarding their fit to the needs of an institution. Research on the evaluation and selection of technologies has mainly adopted a process perspective so far. We argue that it is crucial to consider the inner structure of technologies as well and describe its elements and connections. Hence, in this paper we propose a framework for analyzing information technology by reconstructing its inner structure. We transfer concepts of philosophical Structuralism to technologies by analyzing the striking proximity in the assembly of theories and technologies as conceptual networks. By describing technologies in such a way, we are able to formulate a set of questions which allows for analyzing and evaluating the suitability of technologies for specific requirements. In order to demonstrate the utility of such theoretizied technologies we apply our approach to the technology .NET.


01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: Aktuelle Untersuchungen as discussed by the authors belegen, dass immer noch viele Projekte die ursprnglichen Ziele, insbesondere the Einhaltung von Kosten, Zeit und Qualit?t nicht erreichen oder gar scheitern.
Abstract: Aktuelle Untersuchungen ?ber Erfolgsfaktoren von Projekten im Umfeld digitaler Produktionen1 (Genus/Dalcher 2003; The Standish Group 2003, 2004) belegen, dass immer noch viele Projekte die urspr?nglichen Ziele, insbesondere die Einhaltung von Kosten, Zeit und Qualit?t nicht erreichen oder gar scheitern. Dadurch entstehen f?r Unternehmen sowie f?r die Wirtschaft enorme Sch?den (Sauer/Cuthbertson 2003). Die Gr?nde hierf?r liegen meist in der mangelhaften Professionalit?t im Projektmanagement und in ungen?genden Kompetenzen der Projektbeteiligten (o.V. 2004). Diese Tendenzen zeigt auch die vom Lehrstuhl f?r Wirtschaftsinformatik der TU M?nchen durchgef?hrte Studie, in der die Situation des Managements komplexer Projekte im Umfeld digitaler Produktionen untersucht wurde (Rudolph et al. 2004). Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass besonders in der Qualit?t der Projektplanung und - steuerung, der Kommunikation, der Teamqualifikation sowie des Risiko- und Wissensmanagements Probleme bestehen.

01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: Das Planspiel CIO-High Performance Business Simulation hat das Ziel Studenten und angehende ITManager auf ein derartiges Umfeld vorzubereiten gefordert, die die Erfahrungen aus der Verwendung des Planspiels bei der universitären Ausbildung zusammenfassen.
Abstract: Entscheidungssituationen, in denen sich leitende Manager im Unternehmen bewegen, sind durch hohe Komplexität gekennzeichnet. Darüber hinaus werden für den Eintritt und Erhalt derartiger beruflicher Positionen nicht nur Kenntnisse im Bereich der Technik, sondern vor allem auch Kommunikationsund Diskussionskompetenz, Durchsetzungskraft und vernetztes strategisches Denken gefordert. Das neu entwickelte computerunterstütztes Planspiel CIO-High Performance Business Simulation hat das Ziel Studenten und angehende ITManager auf ein derartiges Umfeld vorzubereiten. In diesem Artikel wird das Planspiel mit seinen unterschiedlichen Basiskonzepten und Inhalten innerhalb des entwickelten Rahmenkonzeptes präsentiert. Darüber hinaus werden acht Lessons Learned für die Verwendung von Planspielen in der universitären Ausbildung vorgestellt, die die Erfahrungen aus der Verwendung des Planspiels bei der universitären Ausbildung zusammenfassen.

01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: It is argued that technologies may be seen as a form of knowledge and therefore a pattern based modeling language to capture and model information technologies is proposed and the applicability of the modeling language is demonstrated on the example of web service related technologies.
Abstract: Nowadays, companies seeking to advance their information systems are facing an overwhelming variety of fast pacing innovations in the information technology sector. Many of these innovations could lead to new ways of extending existing competitive advantages or leveraging weaknesses respectively. Furthermore technological progress is characterized by shorter technology life cycles and by discontinuities. The challenge for developing information systems that contribute to a company’s competitive advantage is to gather intelligence information of technological progress, evaluate possible strategic impacts of that information and prepare for decision making. We argue that technologies may be seen as a form of knowledge and therefore propose a pattern based modeling language to capture and model information technologies. We demonstrate the applicability of the modeling language on the example of web service related technologies.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Es ist davon auszugehen, dass die 2003 ausgelobte Deutschland-Online-Initiative künftig stärker als integrierendes Moment genutzt werden wird.
Abstract: Gemeinden. Eine in diesem Sinne ebenenwie länderübergreifende Verknüpfung kann die BundOnline 2005 Initiative allein nicht leisten, wenn nicht zeitgleich die hinter dem virtuellen Tor liegenden Verwaltungsstrukturen und Prozesse modernisiert und Verwaltungsdienstleistungen medienbruchfrei bereitgestellt werden. So könnten etwa bei den Kommunen liegende bürgernahe Dienstleistungen wie bspw. das Meldeoder Personenstandswesen über ein alle Ebenen des föderalen Systems integrierendes Portal bereitgestellt werden, wenn eine kritische Masse von Bürgern und Unternehmen davon profitieren soll. Dass hnliches bislang nicht existiert, ist kein Versäumnis der BundOnline 2005 Initiative, führt aber dazu, dass die tatsächlichen Potenziale von E-Government-Prozessen nicht realisiert werden können. Deren Einführung wurde in Deutschland von einer großen, aus den föderalen Strukturen resultierenden, Komplexität begleitet. Diese Komplexität wurde in diesem Prozess nicht überwunden, sondern vielmehr repliziert. Unter diesen Umständen kann E-Government lediglich ein Baustein, nicht aber der Grundstein eines modernen Staates sein. Positiv zu bewerten ist jedoch, dass die Debatte über die Notwendigkeit horizontaler und vertikaler Vernetzung bislang voneinander getrennter föderaler und organisatorischer Strukturen nunmehr angestoßen wird. Es ist davon auszugehen, dass die 2003 ausgelobte Deutschland-Online-Initiative künftig stärker als integrierendes Moment genutzt werden wird. Mit Sicherheit wird die am 1. Januar 2006 beim Bundesverwaltungsamt eingerichtete Bundesstelle für Informationstechnik zur Standardisierung der IT-Landschaft der Bundesrepublik Deutschland beitragen. Hier wird es wichtig sein, die bislang eher die organisatorische Seite betreuende Koordinierungsund Beratungsstelle der Bundesregierung für Informationstechnik, das auf Sicherheitsfragen fokussierte Bundesamt für Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik, den beratenden Staatssekretärskreis sowie die zuständigen CIOs der Länder besser zu koordinieren. Das Verhältnis von Online-Dienstleistungen zu den dahinter liegenden Organisationsstrukturen ähnelt dem zwischen Benutzeroberfläche und Anwendungen eines gebräuchlichen Computers: Effizienz und Anwenderfreundlichkeit bedürfen der horizontalen wie vertikalen Integration der Prozesse, auf denen sie basiert. So gesehen, kann die Debatte über BundOnline 2005 Katalysator zu einer umfassenden Verwaltungsmodernisierung werden, zu der neben E-Government auch Bürokratieabbau, neue Formen des Personalmanagements sowie die Konzentration auf die Kernbereiche von Verwaltungstätigkeit gehören. Die rechtlichen Hürden sowie die große Komplexität der föderalen Prozesse zu überwinden, stellt die größte Herausforderung dar. E-Government ist weitaus mehr als die virtuelle Darstellung bestehender Strukturen. Damit dieser große Wurf gelingt, muss E-Government mit all den dazugehörigen Implikationen – wieder und in erheblich größerem Maßstab – zur Chefsache gemacht werden. Holger Bill Geschäftsführer Post & Public Services Accenture GmbH

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: After the identification of characteristics of the health care domain the solution concept of active, medical documents is described, complemented by an analysis and development approach for a corresponding agent-based system.
Abstract: Distributed and heterogeneous information systems can be observed in health care. In order to implement the vision of seamless health care, the boundaries of institutions need to be closed. Furthermore, information needs to be provided to the members of the health care team according to the principle of information logistics for the effective and efficient support of treatment processes. Since health care can be understood as a complex, adaptive system, an agent-based approach for an information system being capable of reacting flexibly to changes in its environment is an adequate solution. After the identification of characteristics of the health care domain the solution concept of active, medical documents is described, complemented by an analysis and development approach for a corresponding agent-based system.