Publisher Summary This chapter discusses quadrupole effects in nuclear magnetic resonance studies of solids. The first evidence that many nuclei possess magnetic moments came from the study of the hyperfine structure of atomic spectra in the visible region. The interaction of the nuclear magnetic moment with the magnetic field produced by the atomic electrons gives rise to a hyperfine spectrum that is relatively simple, being characterized by the well known “interval rule.” Marked departures from this interval rule do occur in a few cases, however, and some of the departures can definitely be attributed to the presence of a nuclear electric quadrupole interaction. The methods of radio-frequency spectroscopy are very well adapted for the investigation of the very small interaction energies to which nuclear moments give rise. They have led not only to much more precise determinations of nuclear magnetic moments, but also to a vastly increased knowledge of nuclear electric quadrupole effects. The first outstanding success along this line was the discovery, by the molecular beam resonance method, of the quadrupole moment of the deuteron. The field of electric quadrupole interactions in nuclear magnetic resonance can be divided roughly into two areas according to the relative magnitude of the nuclear quadrupole interactions.

Quadrupole Effects in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Solids

An investigation of the structure of silk fibroin

The various optical, caloric, dielectric, elastic, and microwave investigations which have been used to study the tunneling states connected with the motion of atomic and molecular impurities in alkali halides are reviewed.

Tunneling States of Defects in Solids

Es wird uber Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Synthese und der Reaktionen einiger mittlerer Kohlenstoffringe berichtet sowie im Zusammenhang damit uber neuartige π-Komplexe von Ubergangsmetallen. Mit Hilfe katalytischer Verfahren konnen Cyclododeca-1.5.9-trien, Cycloocta-1.5-dien und Cyclododeca-1.5-dien aus Butadien bzw. aus Butadien und Athylen auserordentlich leicht dargestellt werden.

Cyclooligomerisation von Butadien und Übergangsmetall‐π‐Komplexe

In this critical review I describe fascinating experimental and theoretical advances in ‘noble gas’ chemistry during the last twenty years, and have taken a somewhat unexpected course since 2000. I also highlight perspectives for further development in this field, including the prospective synthesis of compounds containing as yet unknown Xe–element and element–Xe–element bridging bonds, peroxide species containing Xe, adducts of XeF2 with various metal fluorides, Xe–element alloys, and novel pressure-stabilized covalently bound and host–guest compounds of Xe. A substantial part of the essay is devoted to the—as yet experimentally unexplored—behaviour of the compounds of Xe under high pressure. The blend of science, history, and theoretical predictions, will be valued by inorganic and organic chemists, materials scientists, and the community of theoretical and experimental high-pressure physicists and chemists (151 references).

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Henri A. Levy

Papers

Neutron diffraction determination of the crystal structure of ammonium bromide in four phases

The Crystal Structure of dl-Alanine

The Molecular Structures of Boron Trimethyl, Trifluoride, Trichloride, and Tribromide. The Covalent Radius of Boron

The crystal and molecular structure of xenon difluoride by neutron diffraction

Crystal Structure of Potassium Perruthenate, KRuO1,24