Herbert Kim Lyerly

TL;DR: A 20-amino acid sequence from the macrophage-tropic BaL isolate of HIV-1 was sufficient to confermacrophage tropism on HTLV-IIIB, a T cell line--tropic isolate, and this small sequence element is in the V3 loop, the envelope domain that is the principal neutralizing determinant of HIV -1.

TL;DR: Dendritic cells generated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy individuals or from cancer patients transfected with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) mRNA stimulate a potent CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte response in vitro, providing a general method for inducing, as well as measuring, CEA-specific CTL responses across a broad spectrum of HLA haplotypes.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that tumor mRNA, isolated from murine tumor cell lines or from primary human tumor cells microdissected from frozen tissue sections, can be amplified without loss of function and provided the foundations for an effective and broadly applicable treatment that does not require the characterization of the relevant antigenic profile in each patient and will not be limited by tumor tissue availability for antigen preparation.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that DC distribution to sites of lymphoid tissue is dramatically affected by the mode of administration, and a small percentage of DCs injected intradermally migrated rapidly to the regional lymphatics in some individuals.

TL;DR: Immunotherapy using autologous DC loaded with unfractionated tumor-derived antigens in the form of RNA emerges as a potentially powerful and broadly useful vaccination strategy for cancer patients.