Effect of lime, cement and Sarooj (artificial pozzolan) on the swelling potential of an expansive soil from Oman

This report presents information on the characterization of cementitiously stabilized layers and the properties that influence pavement performance. It also contains recommended performance-related procedures for characterizing these layers and performance-prediction models for incorporation into the mechanistic–empirical pavement analysis methods. Individual chapters highlight pavement distresses of hot-mix asphalt pavements and concrete pavements, laboratory tests and model development, and model calibration. The material contained in the report will be of immediate interest to state materials, pavement, and construction engineers and others involved in the different aspects of pavement design and construction.

Characterization of Cementitiously Stabilized Layers for Use in Pavement Design and Analysis

Impact of cyclic wetting–drying on swelling behavior of lime-stabilized soil

Industrial solid waste (ISW) is the waste obtained from the industrials activities which include any solid materials that are rendered useless during a manufacturing process. The ISW considers a global environmental problem and serious solutions must be taken to face this problem and decrease its environmental load and impact. Adsorption of heavy metal from industrial effluents using ISW is considered as a promising, potential and inexpensive alternative concept for ISW management. The ISW offering potential advantages as the zero cost, availability, high efficiency, and green alternative source. Heavy metals adsorption onto ISW is a complex process that affected by several factors including initial metal ions concentration, contact time, pH of the solution, temperature and adsorbent dose. In this paper, we review the factors that affect heavy metal adsorption onto ISW, such as contact time, temperature, pH, and adsorbent dose. The chief findings of the present review are: (1) The heavy metal ions removal% is high at the initial stage of the adsorption process then it decreases till it reaches equilibrium. (2) Temperature greatly affects the heavy metal adsorption process. (3) There is a definite pH value for each metal ion, at which the extreme adsorption of those metal ions occurs. (4) Increasing adsorbent dose generally increases catalytic activity due to the increase in the total surface area and the number of active places on the surface of the adsorbent. Knowing the factors that affect heavy metal adsorption onto ISW will help in optimizing the condition for heavy metal adsorption onto ISW.

Industrial solid waste for heavy metals adsorption features and challenges; a review

Ground granulated blast furnace slag amended fly ash as an expansive soil stabilizer

This paper investigates the effectiveness of using cement by-pass dust, copper slag, granulated blast furnace slag, and slag-cement in reducing the swelling potential and plasticity of expansive soils. The soil used in this study was brought from Al-Khod (a town located in Northern Oman) where structural damage was observed. The first stage of the experimental program dealt with the determination of the chemical, mineralogical, and geotechnical characteristics of the untreated soil. The soil was then mixed with the stabilizers at 3, 6, and 9% of the dry weight of the soil. The treated samples were subjected to liquid limit, plastic limit, swell percent, and swell pressure tests. Furthermore, the cation exchange capacity, exchangeable cations (Na+, Ca++, Mg++, and K+), and pH of the treated samples were also measured. The study showed that copper slag caused a significant increase in the swelling potential of the treated samples. Other stabilizers reduced the swelling potential and plasticity at varying degrees. The study further indicated that cation exchange capacity and the amount of sodium and calcium cations are good indicators of the effectiveness of chemical stabilizers used in soil stabilization.

A Comparative Evaluation of Various Additives Used in the Stabilization of Expansive Soils

Cement by-pass dust (CBPD) or cement kiln dust (CKD) is a by-product of the manufacture of Portland cement It is generated during the calcining process in the kiln Lime (CaO) constitutes more than 60% of CBPD composition Other compounds include Si02, Ah03, F~03, K20, Na20, Cr, etc Oman Cement Company generates about 25,000 to 30,000 tons of CBPD every year Some CBPD is used as a filler for road asphalting The remainder of the CBPD is disposed of on-site without any further reuse or reclamation As such research was carried out to investigate beneficial reuses of CBPD in the Sultanate of Oman This paper presents the results of a study that investigated the use of CBPD in the stabilization of an expansive clay The soil was stabilized with 0, 3, 6, and 9% CBPD Mixtures were subjected to the following tests: (1) Atterberg limits, (2) pH, (3) compaction, (4) California Bearing Ratio (CBR), (5) swell percent and (6) swell pressure Results indicate that as cement by-pass dust content increases, the swell percent and maximum dry density decrease while the pH and CBR values tend to increase Thus, CBPD could potentially act similar to lime or cement in improving the properties of clayey or silty soils

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Hilal Al-Siyabi

Papers

A Comparative Evaluation of Various Additives Used in the Stabilization of Expansive Soils

Use of cement by-pass dust in soil stabilization