The smart grid is conceived of as an electric grid that can deliver electricity in a controlled, smart way from points of generation to active consumers. Demand response (DR), by promoting the interaction and responsiveness of the customers, may offer a broad range of potential benefits on system operation and expansion and on market efficiency. Moreover, by improving the reliability of the power system and, in the long term, lowering peak demand, DR reduces overall plant and capital cost investments and postpones the need for network upgrades. In this paper a survey of DR potentials and benefits in smart grids is presented. Innovative enabling technologies and systems, such as smart meters, energy controllers, communication systems, decisive to facilitate the coordination of efficiency and DR in a smart grid, are described and discussed with reference to real industrial case studies and research projects.

Demand response and smart grids—A survey

This document provides updates to IEEE Std 802.16's MIB for the MAC, PHY and asso- ciated management procedures in order to accommodate recent extensions to the standard.

IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks Part 16: Air Interface for Fixed Broadband Wireless Access Systems Draft Amendment: Management Information Base Extensions

With the explosive growth of mobile data demand, the fifth generation (5G) mobile network would exploit the enormous amount of spectrum in the millimeter wave (mmWave) bands to greatly increase communication capacity. There are fundamental differences between mmWave communications and existing other communication systems, in terms of high propagation loss, directivity, and sensitivity to blockage. These characteristics of mmWave communications pose several challenges to fully exploit the potential of mmWave communications, including integrated circuits and system design, interference management, spatial reuse, anti-blockage, and dynamics control. To address these challenges, we carry out a survey of existing solutions and standards, and propose design guidelines in architectures and protocols for mmWave communications. We also discuss the potential applications of mmWave communications in the 5G network, including the small cell access, the cellular access, and the wireless backhaul. Finally, we discuss relevant open research issues including the new physical layer technology, software-defined network architecture, measurements of network state information, efficient control mechanisms, and heterogeneous networking, which should be further investigated to facilitate the deployment of mmWave communication systems in the future 5G networks.

A survey of millimeter wave communications (mmWave) for 5G: opportunities and challenges

Cognitive radio (CR) is the enabling technology for supporting dynamic spectrum access: the policy that addresses the spectrum scarcity problem that is encountered in many countries. Thus, CR is widely regarded as one of the most promising technologies for future wireless communications. To make radios and wireless networks truly cognitive, however, is by no means a simple task, and it requires collaborative effort from various research communities, including communications theory, networking engineering, signal processing, game theory, software-hardware joint design, and reconfigurable antenna and radio-frequency design. In this paper, we provide a systematic overview on CR networking and communications by looking at the key functions of the physical (PHY), medium access control (MAC), and network layers involved in a CR design and how these layers are crossly related. In particular, for the PHY layer, we will address signal processing techniques for spectrum sensing, cooperative spectrum sensing, and transceiver design for cognitive spectrum access. For the MAC layer, we review sensing scheduling schemes, sensing-access tradeoff design, spectrum-aware access MAC, and CR MAC protocols. In the network layer, cognitive radio network (CRN) tomography, spectrum-aware routing, and quality-of-service (QoS) control will be addressed. Emerging CRNs that are actively developed by various standardization committees and spectrum-sharing economics will also be reviewed. Finally, we point out several open questions and challenges that are related to the CRN design.

Cognitive radio networking and communications: an overview

Millimeter wave (mmWave) communications have recently attracted large research interest, since the huge available bandwidth can potentially lead to the rates of multiple gigabit per second per user Though mmWave can be readily used in stationary scenarios, such as indoor hotspots or backhaul, it is challenging to use mmWave in mobile networks, where the transmitting/receiving nodes may be moving, channels may have a complicated structure, and the coordination among multiple nodes is difficult To fully exploit the high potential rates of mmWave in mobile networks, lots of technical problems must be addressed This paper presents a comprehensive survey of mmWave communications for future mobile networks (5G and beyond) We first summarize the recent channel measurement campaigns and modeling results Then, we discuss in detail recent progresses in multiple input multiple output transceiver design for mmWave communications After that, we provide an overview of the solution for multiple access and backhauling, followed by the analysis of coverage and connectivity Finally, the progresses in the standardization and deployment of mmWave for mobile networks are discussed

Millimeter Wave Communications for Future Mobile Networks

IEEE 802.11af TVWS-WLAN with Partial Subcarrier System for Effective TVWS Utilization

The wireless smart ubiquitous network (Wi-SUN) field area network (FAN) attracts attention as a wireless communication standard for large-scale Internet of Things (IoT) systems. Currently, frequency shift keying (FSK) defined in IEEE 802.15.4 is adopted in the physical layer of the Wi-SUN FAN. To improve the network performance toward next-generation IoT systems, a data rate enhancement scheme for FSK has been proposed. However, there is no evaluation of data rate improvement effect by adopting the data rate enhanced FSK on the transmission characteristics of the Wi-SUN FAN. Besides, introducing the data rate enhanced FSK causes the bandwidth to increase. For multiple systems to coexist in limited frequency bands, it is necessary to achieve high spectral efficiency even when the Wi-SUN FAN adopts the data rate enhanced FSK. In this paper, we evaluate the transmission characteristics of the Wi-SUN FAN adopting the high-speed FSK of 600 kbps by computer simulations. The simulation results show that the system throughput improves by 2.5 times, but the bandwidth also increases by 2.5 times compared to the existing system. Furthermore, we propose highly-dense frequency hopping based on a novel channel arrangement scheme to improve spectral efficiency and compatibility with the existing system design while the data rate enhanced FSK is adopted. The evaluation results show that the system throughput in the proposed scheme is 2.4 times of the existing system while using less than half of the bandwidth compared to the conventional channel arrangement scheme.

A High-speed Wi-SUN FAN Network by Highly-Dense Frequency Hopping

The development of mobile communication technology toward 6G is difficult because the required spectrum resources have already been allocated to existing systems. Therefore, new communication systems must have high spectral efficiency to effectively utilize the available resources. This article proposes a digital self-interference (SI) canceller that can be applied to full-duplex cellular systems based on the current 5G signal format (5G-FDC) to introduce in-band full-duplex systems beyond 5G. Specifically, we reorganize the 5G demodulation reference signal (DMRS) and define a novel DMRS configuration, in which the DMRSs for uplink and downlink communications do not interfere with each other. The proposed DMRS configuration effectively improves the accuracy of the SI channel estimation. Moreover, we propose a channel extrapolation scheme that suppresses the channel estimation degradation, which deteriorates the block error rate performance. Additionally, we propose a noise estimation method to improve the low-density parity check decoding performance of the desired signal in 5G-FDC systems. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated through computer simulations and experimentally by using our developed and implemented software-defined radio-based 5G-FDC prototype. Digital SI cancellation performances of 50 dB and 30.6 dB are observed in the simulation and experimental evaluations, respectively.

https://doi.org/10.1109/ojvt.2023.3281723

A Digital Self-Interference Cancellation Scheme for In-Band Full-Duplex-Applied 5G System and Its Software-Defined Radio Implementation

This paper proposes a prioritized aggregation method that supports compressed video transmission on millimeter wave wireless personal area network (mmWave WPAN) systems. Frame aggregation is an effective means to improve system efficiency and throughput for wide band systems such as mmWave WPAN. It is required by the applications that the mmWave WPAN systems should provide Gbps or multiGbps transmission capability. The proposed scheme targets not only transmission efficiency but also support of compressed video transmission which currently is very popular. The proposal combines MAC layer aggregation with PHY layer skew modulation to facilitate the video transmission in a way that more important data is better protected. Simulation results show that the average peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) performance is improved by 5dB compared to conventional method, while the Gbps transmission requirement is fulfilled.

Hiroshi Harada

Papers

IEEE 802.11af TVWS-WLAN with Partial Subcarrier System for Effective TVWS Utilization

A High-speed Wi-SUN FAN Network by Highly-Dense Frequency Hopping

A Digital Self-Interference Cancellation Scheme for In-Band Full-Duplex-Applied 5G System and Its Software-Defined Radio Implementation

Prioritized Aggregation for Compressed Video Streaming on mmWave WPAN Systems

Hidden Node due to Multiple Transmission Power Level for White Space Radio Operating in the TV Bands