Advanced functional polymer membranes

The high versatility of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) can be explained by its diverse properties including its solubility in water and in a broad range of liquid media, high chemical and thermal resistance, and unique wetting, binding, and film-forming properties. Thanks to biocompatibility, absence of toxicity and high capacity to form interpolymer complexes, PVP is widely used for designing materials for different applications, such as biomaterials for medical and nonmedical uses. This review summarizes a vast diversity of applicative examples showing the tremendous opportunities for future research and developments of PVP based biomaterials.

Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) – A Versatile Polymer for Biomedical and Beyond Medical Applications

Polyethersulfone (PES)-silver composite UF membrane: effect of silver loading and PVP molecular weight on membrane morphology and antibacterial activity.

Devices that function in contact with blood are ubiquitous in clinical medicine and biotechnology. These devices include vascular grafts, coronary stents, heart valves, catheters, hemodialysers, heart-lung bypass systems and many others. Blood contact generally leads to thrombosis (among other adverse outcomes), and no material has yet been developed which remains thrombus-free indefinitely and in all situations: extracorporeally, in the venous circulation and in the arterial circulation. In this article knowledge on blood–material interactions and “thromboresistant” materials is reviewed. Current approaches to the development of thromboresistant materials are discussed including surface passivation; incorporation and/or release of anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents and thrombolytic agents; and mimicry of the vascular endothelium.

Blood compatible materials: state of the art

Controlled release delivery is available for many routes of administration and offers many advantages (as microparticles and nanoparticles) over immediate release delivery. These advantages include reduced dosing frequency, better therapeutic control, fewer side effects, and, consequently, these dosage forms are well accepted by patients. Advances in polymer material science, particle engineering design, manufacture, and nanotechnology have led the way to the introduction of several marketed controlled release products and several more are in pre-clinical and clinical development.

https://cyberleninka.org/article/n/176549.pdf

Materials for Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms: Molecular Pharmaceutics and Controlled Release Drug Delivery Aspects

Nanoscopic behavior of polyvinylpyrrolidone particles on polysulfone/polyvinylpyrrolidone film

The proteomic analysis of serum (plasma) has been a major approach to determining biomarkers essential for early disease diagnoses and drug discoveries. The determination of these biomarkers, however, is analytically challenging since the dynamic concentration range of serum proteins/peptides is extremely wide (more than 10 orders of magnitude). Thus, the reduction in sample complexity prior to proteomic analyses is essential, particularly in analyzing low-abundance protein biomarkers. Here, we demonstrate a novel approach to the proteomic analyses of human serum that uses an originally developed serum protein separation device and a sequentially linked 3-D-LC-MS/MS system. Our hollow-fiber-membrane-based serum pretreatment device can efficiently deplete high-molecular weight proteins and concentrate low-molecular weight proteins/peptides automatically within 1 h. Four independent analyses of healthy human sera pretreated using this unique device, followed by the 3-D-LC-MS/MS successfully produced 12 000-13 000 MS/MS spectra and hit around 1800 proteins (>95% reliability) and 2300 proteins (>80% reliability). We believe that the unique serum pretreatment device and proteomic analysis protocol reported here could be a powerful tool for searching physiological biomarkers by its high throughput (3.7 days per one sample analysis) and high performance of finding low abundant proteins from serum or plasma samples.

A novel approach and protocol for discovering extremely low‐abundance proteins in serum

A separation membrane includes a membrane comprising a polymer, characterized in that a functional layer is formed on the surface in one side of the membrane, the peak area percentage of carbon derived from ester group measured by the electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) on the surface of the preceding functional layer is 0.1% (by atomic number) or more but not more than 10 (% by atomic number), and the peak area percentage of carbon derived from ester group measured by the electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) on the surface opposite to the functional layer is not more than 10 (% by atomic number). A separation membrane module suffering from little sticking of organic matters, proteins, platelets and so on is provided with the separation membrane as a built-in membrane.

Separation membrane, method of producing the same and separation membrane module using the separation membrane

A hydrophilic material comprising a copolymer composed of a monomer (A) having a polyalkylene oxide unit and a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond in its molecule, a methacrylate or acrylate monomer (B) and another monomer (C) having a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond in its molecule, which material is characterized by containing the monomer (C) in the proportion of 10 to 90 % by weight. The invention provides a hydrophilic material which is soluble, readily moldable, and excellent in antithrombotic and antifouling properties, and further provides an antithrombotic material and a semipermeable membrane. These materials can be appropriately used in the medical field and as water-absorbent and antifouling materials.

Hydrophilic material and semipermeable membrane made therefrom

A modified substrate comprising a hydrophilic polymer in which the amount of soluble hydrophilic polymers contained is 15 wt.% or less and to which the sticking of human platelets amounts to 10 platelets / 4.3 x 103 μm2 or less; and a process for producing a modified substrate, comprising exposing to radiation a substrate while in contact with an aqueous solution containing a hydrophilic polymer and an antioxidant. Thus, there are provided a modified substrate having a hydrophilic polymer immobilized on a substrate surface, which modified substrate ensures high blood compatibility, and a process for producing the same.

Hiroyuki Sugaya

Papers

Nanoscopic behavior of polyvinylpyrrolidone particles on polysulfone/polyvinylpyrrolidone film

A novel approach and protocol for discovering extremely low‐abundance proteins in serum

Separation membrane, method of producing the same and separation membrane module using the separation membrane

Hydrophilic material and semipermeable membrane made therefrom

Modified substrate and process for producing modified substrate