Externally stimulated initiator systems for cationic polymerization

Control of reactions and network structures of epoxy thermosets

Synthesis and characterization of polymers from cashewnut shell liquid (CNSL), a renewable resource II. Synthesis of polyurethanes

Cationic polymerization and physicochemical properties of a biobased epoxy resin initiated by thermally latent catalysts

Design of latent catalysts such as benzyl sulfonium, benzyl ammonium, benzyl pyridinium, benzyl phosphonium, and hydrazinium salts, and their application to polymer synthesis have been described. They have been demonstrated as excellent thermal or photolatent catalysts for polymerizations of cyclic monomers such as epoxides, bicyclo orthoesters, spiro orthocarbonates, and vinyl monomers such as styrene and vinyl ethers.

Design of latent catalysts and their application to polymer synthesis

Catalytic activities of benzyl sulfonium salts with nonnucleophilic anions (BF4−,PF6−,AsF6−,SbF6−) for epoxy polymerization were examined. The order of reactivities correlated well with nonnucleophilicity of anions. Epoxy resins catalyzed by these salts are characterized by longer shelf-life and shorter gel time at high temperature. Some physical properties of cured product were compared with those cured by a commonly used BF3 amine complex.

Thermoinitiated cationic polymerization of epoxy resins by sulfonium salts

PURPOSE: To obtain a compound useful as a cationic polymerization initiator, etc, having improved photosensitive properties, by a simple operation in high purity in high yield, by reacting a specific aromatic sulfide compound with a sulfoxide compound in sulfuric acid CONSTITUTION: An aromatic sulfide compound containing at least two benzene nuclei directly bonded by a sulfide bond and hydrogen bonded to at least one p-position of the benzene nuclei is reacted with a sulfoxide compound shown by the formula I (R 1 and R 2 are aliphatic or aromatic group, which may be bonded to form ring) in sulfuric acid at room temperature to give the aimed substance The aimed substance is a sulfate or hydrogensulfate of an aromatic sulfonium containing a sulfonio group shown by the formula II at the para- position to which hydrogen of at least one benzene nucleus of the aromatic sulfide compound is bonded The amount of the sulfuric acid used is ≥ an equimolar amount, preferably ≥ three times the molar amount of the compound shown by the formula I COPYRIGHT: (C)1986,JPO&Japio

Production of aromatic sulfonium salt

PURPOSE:To provide the titled composition of high curability, small in odor of the cured coating film therefrom and bleed of the decomposed product by energy ray, capable of giving cured coating film of outstanding physical properties, comprising a cationic polymerizable substance and specific Lewis acid onium salt. CONSTITUTION:The objective composition comprising (A) 100pts. by wt. of a cationic polymerizable substance (pref. epoxy blend) and (B) pref. 0.4-8pts. by wt. of a Lewis acid onium salt of formula I {X is of formula II [R1-R10 are each H, halogen, nitro, alkoxy, 1-18C aliphatic group, 6-18C (substituted) phenyl, or (thio)phenoxy, at least one of R1-R10 being either OH-contg. aliphatic group or -OCH2CH2O-group-contg. 3-19C aliphatic group]; Y is of formula II, H, halogen, nitro, alkoxy, 1-18C aliphatic group, 6-18C (substituted) phenyl, or (thio)phenoxy; n is 1-3; m is 1-2; Z is MQl or MQl-1 (M is B, P, As or Sb; Q is halogen; l is 4-6)} (e.g., of formula III).

Energy ray-curable composition

An energy ray-hardenable composition comprising a cation-polymerizable substance and an effective amount of an onium salt of a Lewis acid represented by formula (I), wherein X represents a sulfonio group of formula (II), wherein at least one of R1 to R10 represents either (A) a C1-18 aliphatic group having at least one hydroxy group or (B) a C3-19 aliphatic group containing a group of -OCH2CH2O-.

Hisashi Murase

Papers

Thermoinitiated cationic polymerization of epoxy resins by sulfonium salts

Production of aromatic sulfonium salt

Energy ray-curable composition

Energy ray-hardenable composition