Recent advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning for nonlinear relationship analysis and process control in drinking water treatment: A review

The occurrence, characteristics, transformation and control of aromatic disinfection by-products: A review.

Oxidation of iodide and hypoiodous acid by non-chlorinated water treatment oxidants and formation of iodinated organic compounds: A review

Artificial intelligence (AI) is an emerging powerful novel technology that can model real-time problems involving numerous intricacies. The modeling capabilities of AI techniques are quite advantageous in water purification and wastewater treatment processes because the automation of such facilities resulted in easy and low cost operations; in addition to the significant reduction in the occurrence of human errors. AI technologies involve multi-linear or non-linear relationships and process dynamics that are usually impractical to model by conventional methodologies. This review presents a compendious synopsis of recent advancements and discoveries in various AI technologies applied to source water quality determination, coagulation/flocculation, disinfection, membrane filtration, desalination, modeling wastewater treatment plants, prediction of membrane fouling, removal of heavy metals, and monitoring of biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) levels. The analysis of the performance of various AI technologies in this review proves the successful implementation of these technologies in water treatment related applications. It also highlights the limitations that hinder their implementations in real-world water treatment systems. 

A review of artificial intelligence in water purification and wastewater treatment: Recent advancements

http://manuscript.elsevier.com/S0043135422003736/pdf/S0043135422003736.pdf

Iodide sources in the aquatic environment and its fate during oxidative water treatment - A critical review.

Iodinated disinfection byproducts (I-DBPs) are of particular concern in drinking water due to the more cytotoxic and genotoxic properties than their chlorinated and brominated analogs. Formation of I-DBP primarily results from the oxidation of iodide-containing waters with various oxidants and the chlor(am)ination of iodinated organic compounds in drinking water. This study first reports that ferric chloride (FeCl3) can lead to the formation of iodinated coagulation byproducts (I-CBPs) from iodide-containing resorcinol solution or natural waters. The unwanted I-CBP formation involved the oxidation of iodide by ferric ions to generate various reactive iodine species, which further oxidize organic compounds. Although the oxidation rate of iodide by FeCl3 was several orders of magnitude slower than that by chlorine or chloramine, most of the converted iodide under the ferric/iodide system was transformed into iodine and iodinated organic compounds rather than iodate. Formation of four aliphatic I-CBPs was observed, and four aromatic I-CBPs were identified by gas chromatography mass-spectrometry and theoretical calculation. Coagulation of iodide-containing waters with FeCl3 also produced I-CBPs ranging from 12.5 ± 0.8 to 32.5 ± 0.2 μg/L as I. These findings call for careful consideration of the formation of I-CBPs from coagulation of iodide-containing waters with ferric salts.

Hongwei Li

Papers

Coagulation of Iodide-Containing Resorcinol Solution or Natural Waters with Ferric Chloride Can Produce Iodinated Coagulation Byproducts.