Fermentation quality and microbial community of alfalfa and stylo silage mixed with Moringa oleifera leaves.

Effects of antibacterial peptide-producing Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus buchneri on fermentation, aerobic stability, and microbial community of alfalfa silage

Advances in micro-organism identification techniques have resulted in increased knowledge of the diversity of prokaryotes and eukaryotes in silage. Such knowledge has enhanced the understanding of how fermentation occurs in forage crops with different characteristics and how the process can be improved to enhance silage quality. Undesirable micro-organisms can grow in silage when fermentation does not occur properly. Such micro-organisms may be pathogenic and/or produce toxic metabolic compounds; however, information on the consequences of these metabolites on the health of animals that consume silage is still lacking. The major challenge of ensilage is to produce high-quality feed that is nutritional, sanitary and stable, with a high dry matter recovery rate, in a process involving no interventions during fermentation and considerable variation in the characteristics of the substrates. It is important to note that each substrate has particularities and that we can only improve fermentation if we fully understand microbial diversity. This review is intended to update information related to the fermentation profile of silage, focusing on microbial diversity.

https://sfamjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jam.14450

Silage fermentation—updates focusing on the performance of micro-organisms

Multi-omics approach was adopted to investigate the modulation of bacterial microbiota and metabolome as well as their interactions in whole crop corn ensiling systems by inoculating homofermentative Lactobacillus plantarum or heterofermentative Lactobacillus buchneri. Inoculations of the two different inoculants resulted in substantial differences in microbial community and metabolic composition as well as their dynamics in ensiled corn. Inoculants also altered the correlations of microbiota in different manners, and various keystone species were identified in corn silages with different treatments. Many metabolites with biofunctional activities like bacteriostatic, antioxidant, central nervous system inhibitory and anti-inflammatory were found in the present silage. A constitutive difference in microbiota dynamics was found for several pathways, which were upregulated by specific taxa in middle stage of fermentation, and widespread associations between metabolites with biofunctions and the species of lactic acid bacteria dominated in silage were observed. Multiple microbial and metabolic structures and dynamics were correlated and affected the fermentation process of the corn ensiling systems. Results of the current study improve our understanding of the complicated biological process underlying silage fermentation and provide a framework to re-evaluate silages with biofunctions, which may contribute to target-based regulation methods to produce functional silage for animal production.

https://sfamjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1751-7915.13623

The bacterial community and metabolome dynamics and their interactions modulate fermentation process of whole crop corn silage prepared with or without inoculants.

The objectives of this study were to investigate the adaptation and competition of Lactobacillus plantarum, Pediococcus pentosaceus and Enterococcus faecalis inoculated in alfalfa silage alone or in combination on the fermentation quality, dynamics of bacterial community, and their functional shifts using single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing technology. Before ensiling, alfalfa was inoculated with L. plantarum (Lp), P. pentosaceus (Pp), E. faecalis (Ef) or their combinations (LpPp, LpEf, LpPpEf) and sampled at 1, 3, 7, 14 and 60 days. After 60-days fermentation, the Lp-, Pp- and LpPp-inoculated silages had lower pH but greater concentrations of lactic acid were observed in Pp, LpEf and LpPpEf-inoculated silages. The inoculants altered the keystone taxa and the bacterial community dynamics in different manners, where L. plantarum, Weissella cibaria and L. pentosaceus dominated the bacterial communities after 14 days-fermentation in all treatments. The silages with better fermentation quality had simplified bacterial correlation structures. Moreover, different inoculants dramatically changed the carbohydrate, amino acid, energy, nucleotide and vitamin metabolism of bacterial communities during ensiling. Results of the current study indicate that effect of different inoculants on alfalfa silage fermentation was implemented by modulating the succession of bacterial community, their interactions and metabolic pathways as well during ensiling.

Different lactic acid bacteria and their combinations regulated the fermentation process of ensiled alfalfa: ensiling characteristics, dynamics of bacterial community and their functional shifts.

Dynamics of a microbial community during ensiling and upon aerobic exposure in lactic acid bacteria inoculation-treated and untreated barley silages.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of microbial inoculants (L) and molasses (M) on the bacterial and fungal microbiomes of barley silage after the aerobic stage. The addition of molasses and microbial inoculants improved the aerobic stability of barley silage. The ML silage, which had a low pH value and high lactic and acetic acid contents, remained aerobically stable for more than 216 h. The ML silage exhibited low bacterial and high fungal diversities. Microbial inoculants and molasses enriched the abundance of Lactobacillus in silage after aerobic exposure. The enrichment of L. buchneri was significant in ML silage at days 5 and 7 during the aerobic stage. The abundance of harmful microorganisms, such as aerobic bacterial including Acinetobacter, Providencia, Bacillus, and yeasts including Issatchenkia, Candida, and Kazachstania, were suppressed in ML silage. M and L had an impact on bacterial and fungal microbes, resulting in the improvement of fermentation quality and reduction of aerobic spoilage in barley silage.

/pdf/impact-of-molasses-and-microbial-inoculants-on-fermentation-1mxm5rjxgu.pdf

Impact of molasses and microbial inoculants on fermentation quality, aerobic stability, and bacterial and fungal microbiomes of barley silage.

Interaction effect of silo density and additives on the fermentation quality, microbial counts, chemical composition and in vitro degradability of rice straw silage

The invention provides a lactic acid bacteria agent suitable for grass silage. The lactic acid bacteria agent consists of lactobacillus plantarum lyophilized powder and lactobacillus buchneri lyophilized powder, wherein the lactobacillus plantarum and the lactobacillus buchneri are both separated from ryegrass straw; the lactobacillus plantarum is homofermentative lactic bacteria, and the lactobacillus buchneri is heterofermentative lactic bacteria; the two strains are collected in the China Center for Type Culture Collection on May 25th, 2016; the strain of the lactobacillus plantarum is L.plantarumZRR, and the collection number is CCTCC No:M2016281; and the strain of the lactobacillus buchneri is L.buchneriBR2, and the collection number is CCTCC No:M2016280. The lactic acid bacteria provided by the invention has the advantages of accelerating grass silage maturing, improving grass silage quality, increasing aerobic stability and the like and can be widely applied to the field of grass silage feed preparation.

Lactic acid bacteria agent suitable for grass silage and application thereof

The invention discloses lamb fattening TMR (Total Mixed Ration) fermented feed and a preparation method thereof The feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 27 to 284 parts of corns, 4 to 9 parts of wheat bran, 115 to 149 parts of soybean meal, 10 to 20 parts of silage rice straws, 30 to 40 parts of silage corn straws, 11 to 14 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 02 to 03 part of mountain flour, 05 part of salt and 06 parts of a premix, wherein the premix comprises microelements, vitamins, lysine and a carrier; the microelements comprise Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Se and Co According to the lamb fattening TMR fermented feed and the preparation method thereof, provided by the invention, the silage rice straws and the silage corn straws are used as main rough feed and are matched with grain feed and the premix; after sufficient mixing, a mixture is sealed and fermented to obtain total mixed ration with balanced nutrients The waste of feed, caused by the fact that lambs avoid eating certain foods, is avoided, and the inheritance potential of the growth of the lambs can be sufficiently expressed

Huan Hailin

Papers

Dynamics of a microbial community during ensiling and upon aerobic exposure in lactic acid bacteria inoculation-treated and untreated barley silages.

Impact of molasses and microbial inoculants on fermentation quality, aerobic stability, and bacterial and fungal microbiomes of barley silage.

Interaction effect of silo density and additives on the fermentation quality, microbial counts, chemical composition and in vitro degradability of rice straw silage

Lactic acid bacteria agent suitable for grass silage and application thereof

Lamb fattening TMR (Total Mixed Ration) fermented feed and preparation method thereof