Remote sensing for agricultural applications: A meta-review

Human impacts on the terrestrial water cycle have the potential to influence hazards such as flooding and drought, so understanding the extent of our influence is an important research goal. A study utilizing estimates of evapotranspiration for different types of land cover and a database of changes in use now shows that the extent of land-cover change caused by people is already an important factor affecting the terrestrial water cycle.

The impact of global land-cover change on the terrestrial water cycle

The global urbanization rate is accelerating; however, data limitations have far prevented robust estimations of either global urban expansion or its effects on terrestrial net primary productivity (NPP). Here, using a high resolution dataset of global land use/cover (GlobeLand30), we show that global urban areas expanded by an average of 5694 km2 per year between 2000 and 2010. The rapid urban expansion in the past decade has in turn reduced global terrestrial NPP, with a net loss of 22.4 Tg Carbon per year (Tg C year-1). Although small compared to total terrestrial NPP and fossil fuel carbon emissions worldwide, the urbanization-induced decrease in NPP offset 30% of the climate-driven increase (73.6 Tg C year-1) over the same period. Our findings highlight the urgent need for global strategies to address urban expansion, enhance natural carbon sinks, and increase agricultural productivity.

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Global urban expansion offsets climate-driven increases in terrestrial net primary productivity

Measuring, modelling and managing gully erosion at large scales: A state of the art

Land-cover mapping is one of the foundations of Earth science As a result of the combined efforts of many scientists, numerous global land-cover (GLC) products with a resolution of 30 m have so far been generated However, the increasing number of fine-resolution GLC datasets is imposing additional workloads as it is necessary to confirm the quality of these datasets and check their suitability for user applications To provide guidelines for users, in this study, the recent developments in currently available 30 m GLC products (including three GLC products and thematic products for four different land-cover types, ie, impervious surface, forest, cropland, and inland water) were first reviewed Despite the great efforts toward improving mapping accuracy that there have been in recent decades, the current 30 m GLC products still suffer from having relatively low accuracies of between 460% and 889% for GlobeLand30-2010, 5771% and 8036% for FROM_GLC-2015, and 6559% and 8433% for GLC_FCS30-2015 The reported accuracies for the global 30 m thematic maps vary from 6786% to 951% for the eight impervious surface products that were reviewed, 5672% to 9736% for the seven forest products, 3273% to 983% for the six cropland products, and 1567% to 997% for the six inland water products The consistency between the current GLC products was then examined The GLC maps showed a good overall agreement in terms of spatial patterns but a limited agreement for some vegetation classes (such as shrub, tree, and grassland) in specific areas such as transition zones Finally, the prospects for fine-resolution GLC mapping were also considered With the rapid development of cloud computing platforms and big data, the Google Earth Engine (GEE) greatly facilitates the production of global fine-resolution land-cover maps by integrating multisource remote sensing datasets with advanced image processing and classification algorithms and powerful computing capability The synergy between the spectral, spatial, and temporal features derived from multisource satellite datasets and stored in cloud computing platforms will definitely improve the classification accuracy and spatiotemporal resolution of fine-resolution GLC products In general, up to now, most land-cover maps have not been able to achieve the maximum (per class or overall) error of 5%–15% required by many applications Therefore, more efforts are needed toward improving the accuracy of these GLC products, especially for classes for which the accuracy has so far been low (such as shrub, wetland, tundra, and grassland) and in terms of the overall quality of the maps

Finer-Resolution Mapping of Global Land Cover: Recent Developments, Consistency Analysis, and Prospects

GlobeLand30, donated to the United Nations by China in September 2014, is the first wall-to-wall 30 m global land cover (GLC) data product. GlobeLand30 is widely used by scientists and users around the world. This paper provides a review of the analysis and applications of GlobeLand30 based on its data-downloading statistics and published studies. An average accuracy of 80% for full classes or one single class is achieved by third-party researchers from more than 10 countries through sample-based validation or comparison with existing data. GlobeLand30 has users from more than 120 countries on five continents, and from all five Social Benefit Areas. The significance of GlobeLand30 is demonstrated by a number of published papers dealing with land-cover status and change analysis, cause-and-consequence analysis, and the environmental parameterization of Earth system models. Accordingly, scientific data sharing in the field of geosciences and Earth observation is promoted, and fine-resolution GLC mapping and applications worldwide are stimulated. The future development of GlobeLand30, including comprehensive validation, continuous updating, and monitoring of sustainable development goals, is also discussed.

Analysis and Applications of GlobeLand30: A Review

Construction of Electron Transport Channels and Oxygen Adsorption Sites to Modulate Reactive Oxygen Species for Photocatalytic Selective Oxidation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-Diformylfuran

Removal of ionic liquid in water environment: A review of fundamentals and applications

ABSTRACT Objective To observe the effect of wrist-ankle acupuncture on the incidence of hypertension after tracheal intubation during induction of general anesthesia. Methods 200 patients receiving selective surgery under tracheal intubation and general anesthesia in our Hospital were selected and divided into control group and wrist-ankle acupuncture group using the random number table method, with 100 patients in each group. Sufentanil, cisatracurium besilate, remifentanil, etomidate and lidocaine hydrochloride were used for anesthesia induction, and intravenously injected according to the onset time of drugs, successively. The wrist-ankle acupuncture group was needled in bilateral upper 1, 2 and 3 areas, while the control group was treated with false acupuncture.Blood pressure and related blood biochemical indexes were measured and observed at different stages in each group. Result The incidence of blood pressure exceeding 20% and 30% of basal blood pressure within 5 minutes after intubation was as follows:wrist-ankle acupuncture group 11.83% and 6.45%; control group 29.79% and 22.34%, The incidence in the study group was lower than that in the control group. Norepinephrine concentration in the wrist-ankle acupuncture group was significantly lower than that before induction (P < .05), and plasma Norepinephrine concentration in the wrist-ankle acupuncture group was significantly lower than that in the control group after intubation (P < .05). The plasma Norepinephrine concentration in the wrist-ankle acupuncture group was significantly lower than that in the control group after intubation (P < .05) Conclusion wrist-ankle acupuncture can prevent hypertension after intubation during anesthesia induction. Moreover, it is safe, effective, minimally invasive. Therefore, it is easy to be popularized in clinical practice.

Huiru Ren

Papers

Analysis and Applications of GlobeLand30: A Review

Construction of Electron Transport Channels and Oxygen Adsorption Sites to Modulate Reactive Oxygen Species for Photocatalytic Selective Oxidation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-Diformylfuran

Removal of ionic liquid in water environment: A review of fundamentals and applications

Clinical study on effect of wrist-ankle acupuncture on incidence of hypertension after intubation during induction of general anesthesia