There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

COVID-19 Dashboard

Power Aware Routing in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences

A super-peer is a node in a peer-to-peer network that operates both as a server to a set of clients, and as an equal in a network of super-peers. Super-peer networks strike a balance between the efficiency of centralized search, and the autonomy, load balancing and robustness to attacks provided by distributed search. Furthermore, they take advantage of the heterogeneity of capabilities (e.g., bandwidth, processing power) across peers, which recent studies have shown to be enormous. Hence, new and old P2P systems like KaZaA and Gnutella are adopting super-peers in their design. Despite their growing popularity, the behavior of super-peer networks is not well understood. For example, what are the potential drawbacks of super-peer networks? How can super-peers be made more reliable? How many clients should a super-peer take on to maximize efficiency? we examine super-peer networks in detail, gaming an understanding of their fundamental characteristics and performance tradeoffs. We also present practical guidelines and a general procedure for the design of an efficient super-peer network.

Designing an Super-Peer Network

Design automation in Digital micro fluidic biochip is of immense importance in to days clinical diagnosis process. In this paper, we try to build a heuristic algorithm to simultaneously perform droplet routing and electrode actuation. The proposed method is capable of performing (i) droplet routing with minimal electrode usages in optimized routing completion time, and (ii) minimal number of control pin assignment on the routing path for successful droplet transportation. The proposed method is a co-optimization technique that finds the possible shortest path between the source and the target pair for a droplet and assigns control pins in an optimal manner to actuate the routing path. Intersection regions for multiple droplets are also assigned with pins in an efficient manner to avoid unnecessary mixing between several droplets. The proposed method is tested on various benchmarks and random test sets, and experimental results are quite encouraging.

A Heuristic Method for Co-optimization of Pin Assignment and Droplet Routing in Digital Microfluidic Biochip

Radio technology enables deployment of tiny smart sensors in wireless sensor networks. The smart sensors can collect information from surroundings to forward it to the network base station. In this paper, we present UDDN (Unidirectional Data Dissemination via Negotiation) for efficient routing of such useful information in an energy-constrained environment. The sensor nodes in UDDN use meta-data in negotiation to avoid redundant data transmission as well as to reduce the network operations. Further, while disseminating data towards base station the UDDN minimizes the number of nodes participating in such process and, thereby, reduces energy consumption in routing the information.

UDDN: Unidirectional Data Dissemination via Negotiation

It is mandatory to calculate sample size in any type of research in medical science to get a generalized conclusion for the population under study. If the study is well designed with a desired sample size then the standard error will be less and the power and precision will be good. All statistical procedures become valid in this context.

Simple sample size calculator for medical research: A necessary tool for the researchers

Existence of obstacles in sensor deployment region distorts the communication among sensor nodes and also disrupts sensor localization process. This paper represents a novel approach for localizing obstacles and sensors nodes using four GPS enabled anchor nodes. Based on four high energy anchor nodes, sensor localization is done, and an approximate rectangular boundary of each obstacle is detected. Next, accurate measure of the obstacle circumference is performed based on the communication between the neighbor sensor nodes of every obstacle in a time efficient manner, chosen by an elegant heuristic. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and correctness of our proposed scheme, and improvement of our results in many cases.

Sensor Localization and Obstacle Boundary Detection Algorithm in WSN

To provide stable connections between vehicles and nearby roadside units, a reliable routing protocol is highly required in Vehicular Ad-hoc NETworks (VANETs). Though several routing protocols exist which are deliberate for MANETs and could be useful for VANETs as well, the results may not be satisfactory always in later case due to its sole characteristics. This work proposes a multi-objective heuristic algorithm, based on Ant Colony Optimization technique (ACO) to identify the optimal paths for Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks. To achieve this, it has measured different parameters like Signal to Noise Ratio, Throughput, End-to-End Delay Hop-count and Packet Loss. Based on the aforesaid constraints a calculated weight of the route is introduced to choose the finest route among every possible path. This route will in turn maximize the requirements in Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) to enhance safety in road, competence and travellers ease. The QualNet Network Simulator has been extensively used to evaluate the proposed protocol. The proposed method has been found to work satisfactorily with a number of test cases and considerably outperforms compare to the existing technique.

Indrajit Banerjee

Papers

A Heuristic Method for Co-optimization of Pin Assignment and Droplet Routing in Digital Microfluidic Biochip

UDDN: Unidirectional Data Dissemination via Negotiation

Simple sample size calculator for medical research: A necessary tool for the researchers

Sensor Localization and Obstacle Boundary Detection Algorithm in WSN

A Multi-Objective Data Dissemination Protocol for Intelligent Transportation Systems