There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

COVID-19 Dashboard

Power Aware Routing in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences

A super-peer is a node in a peer-to-peer network that operates both as a server to a set of clients, and as an equal in a network of super-peers. Super-peer networks strike a balance between the efficiency of centralized search, and the autonomy, load balancing and robustness to attacks provided by distributed search. Furthermore, they take advantage of the heterogeneity of capabilities (e.g., bandwidth, processing power) across peers, which recent studies have shown to be enormous. Hence, new and old P2P systems like KaZaA and Gnutella are adopting super-peers in their design. Despite their growing popularity, the behavior of super-peer networks is not well understood. For example, what are the potential drawbacks of super-peer networks? How can super-peers be made more reliable? How many clients should a super-peer take on to maximize efficiency? we examine super-peer networks in detail, gaming an understanding of their fundamental characteristics and performance tradeoffs. We also present practical guidelines and a general procedure for the design of an efficient super-peer network.

Designing an Super-Peer Network

In the modern age huge amount of wireless sensor networks is used for security surveillance and environments monitoring. The main challenge is to improve fault tolerance percentage of wireless sensor networks and also provide an energy efficient fast data routing service. In wireless sensor networks energy conservation is most significant because every sensor node has a constant power supply. In this paper we propose an energy efficient multipath fault tolerant routing protocol in wireless sensor networks referred as MFTR. The MFTR use multiple data routing path for fault tolerance and traffic control. One shortest path is use for main data routing in MFTR technique and other two backup paths are used as alternative path for faulty network and to handle the overloaded traffic on main channel. The performances analysis of MFTR depicts better result compare to other popular fault tolerant techniques in wireless sensor networks.

MFTR: Multipath Fault Tolerant Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks

Background: The international situation surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic is seeing multiple countries battle various waves of the SARS-CoV-2 virus infections, with millions of individuals being infected globally. COVID-19 cases initially involved the immuno-compromised and elderly. As the virus has infected millions globally, the demographic profile of cases has shifted with more children being infected; this increase in younger individuals contracting the infection has resulted in new symptoms with altered manifestations and presentations of the disease in the young. In comparison to the severe symptoms of COVID-19 in adults children present with a more trivial group of symptoms. The majority of children develop mild symptoms or remain asymptomatic. This is in stark contrast to adults who have a higher admission rate with severe symptoms. A sign of great importance and now incidence in pediatric cases with COVID-19 is that of the gastrointestinal tract. The virus has a tropism for the GIT due to the presence of ACE2 receptors, which facilitate the entry of the virus into the cell. \nConclusion: It is now established that the GIT symptoms form part of a newly recognized multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) which occurs as a result and or manifestation of the COVID-19 infection. The innate difficulty in correctly and accurately diagnosing such a case is that the symptoms very close mimic gastroenteritis and acute abdominal pathologies. Therefore, physicians need to be aware of the various manners in which the COVID-19 infection manifests itself in children to diagnose better and isolate the cases. 

Gastrointestinal manifestations as early symptoms to diagnose COVID-19 paediatric cases

Recently there are several budding medical journals which are coming from developing countries and also there is a large number of publishers. It will foster medical research from these countries. Authors will improve the skill of medical writing because of these journals senior, experienced international/ national editorial and review board. Also this team is responsible for the quality of the journal. Journals primary aim should not be making money and get other benefit to the people who are dealing with it. Journals should produce evidence based new information to the medical science which will benefit to the new generation physicians, scientists and readers.  There is a tremendous increase in the medical research articles in the recent years because most of the institutions, universities and funding agencies consider the publication history of the scientists for their promotion and incentive. It results with good practice and bad practice of research. There are several scientists and teaching faculty members who publish the articles without proper data or they plagiarise other scientist work.  It can be stopped only by the national medical research authorities like Indian Council of Medical Research [India], Nepal Health Research Council [Nepal], etc. for each country level and the Institutional Research and Ethics Committee in  the institutional level.  DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v4i3.10661 Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 2014; 4(3):348-50

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Ethical statement in medical research manuscripts: A Necessary step for quality control

The novel virus SARS-CoV-2 has plagued our earth for more than a quarter of a decade and is still currently a limiting factor in our daily lives. Of late a new dilemma is beginning to incapacitate a large populous who have been infected by the virus, this condition being termed as post COVID syndrome or Long COVID.Long COVID is becoming more prolific and common amongst those infected with COVID-19 and its development in patients does not delineate between those who have suffered from a symptomatic or an asymptomatic preliminary infection. The effect of this post COVID syndrome can be multisystemic in nature and can affect the daily cognitive abilities of the individual. It is therefore pertinent and of the upmost importance that therapeutic options against Long COVID are explored as the incidence of this condition is rising and will continue to do so in future.  
Currently no definitive treatment against Long COVID has been approved and the mainstay treatment is divided into Symptomatic, Supportive and Rehabilitative treatment with self-monitoring. The crux of the current treatment trends for Long COVID is that of a multidisciplinary approach with a great portion of the treatment implicating the patient to take an active role in their recovery, self-monitoring and treatment of the syndrome. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy as well as the use of adaptogens has shown promising results and is advisable to be added to the treatment regimen of patients to aid in decreasing fatigue in patients suffering from post-COVID syndrome. The use of melatonin in patients suffering from insomnia and poor sleep hygiene is also advisable.

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Treatment of Long COVID or Post COVID syndrome: A Pharmacological approach

Freezing of Gait (FoG) is a common impairment that patients suffering from Parkinson disease have to experience in which the arms and legs of the patient freezes, rendering them incapable to resume walk that often leads to abrupt falls. Therefore, proper monitoring and detection of FoG events is of utmost importance to mitigate the undesired affect of such a disease. This work demonstrates the potential of using data fusion algorithm for timely detection of FoG and subsequent alert to the concerned authorities without delay through the use of Internet of Things (IoT) architecture. The architecture is composed of a smartphone, that is well suited and can be seamlessly integrated in society. The smartphone monitors gait parameters and alerts the medical authorities in case of emergency. Our proposed data fusion algorithm is based on evidence theory which requires very little storage and at the same time has very low execution time that are critical issues in real time IoT monitoring scenarios. We compared our results with four data fusion and classification models in the literature and observed that our model clearly outperforms the others producing 97.50% specificity, 99.87% precision and requires only 11 secs to run 28801 test samples.

Indrajit Banerjee

Papers

MFTR: Multipath Fault Tolerant Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks

Gastrointestinal manifestations as early symptoms to diagnose COVID-19 paediatric cases

Ethical statement in medical research manuscripts: A Necessary step for quality control

Treatment of Long COVID or Post COVID syndrome: A Pharmacological approach

On Detecting Freezing-of-Gait Through Sensor Data Fusion Using Evidence Theory