  
El objetivo del estudio fue obtener la validez de contenido de la escala Eston-Parfitt Scale (E-P) para medir el esfuerzo percibido de niños jugadores de fútbol sala. Para ello, se obtuvo la validez de contenido a través de la consulta de expertos y niños. Los participantes fueron 34 expertos y 44 jugadores de fútbol sala. A los expertos se les solicitó que valorasen el grado de comprensión y adecuación cualitativa y cuantitativamente del encabezado, gráficos, etiquetas, rango de numeración y curva. Una vez obtenidas las valoraciones aportadas por los expertos, se procedió a la modificación de la escala, según los comentarios recibidos. Cuando se obtuvo la nueva versión de la escala se procedió a la valoración de la validez de contenido por parte de los jugadores. Los expertos valoraron positivamente el encabezado, gráficos, etiquetas, rango numérico y curva, de acuerdo a la comprensión y adecuación. No obstante, se atendió a todas sus aportaciones cualitativas al respecto. Los jugadores demostraron que el instrumento era comprensible, debido a que las tres preguntas planteadas fueron realizadas correctamente por al menos el 90%. En consecuencia, a través de la presente escala se puede realizar una evaluación más adecuada del esfuerzo percibido de los niños de entre 9 y 12 años que juegan al fútbol sala, porque el instrumentó se adaptó a ellos.  
Abstract: The aim of the study was to obtain the content validity of the Eston-Parfitt Scale (E-P) to measure the perceived exertion of youth futsal players. For this purpose, content validity was obtained through consultation with experts and children. Participants were 34 experts and 44 futsal players. The experts were asked to evaluate the degree of understanding and qualitative and quantitative adequacy of the header, graphs, labels, numberical range and curve. Once the evaluations provided by the experts were obtained, the scale was modified according to the comments received. When the new version of the scale was obtained, the content validity was assessed by the players. The experts rated the header, graphs, labels, numerical range, and curve, positively in terms of comprehension and appropriateness. However, all the experts’ suggestions were addressed. Players demonstrated that the instrument was comprehensible, because at least the 90% of them answered the three questions correctly. Consequently, a more tailored assessment of 9-12-year-olds futsal players’ perceived exertion can be made through the present scale, because it was adapted to them.

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Adaptación de la escala Eston-Parfitt de esfuerzo percibido para niños jugadores de fútbol sala (Adaptation of Eston-Parfitt perceived exertion scale for youth futsal players)

Being overweight or obese has serious health consequences for children. Schools use different physical education (PE) programs for obesity prevention in children, but the overall impact of school-based interventions is questionable. This study investigated the effects of functional/motor training intervention on physical fitness performance and body mass index (BMI) of overweight primary schoolchildren (boys aged 7-8 years). Sixty-four boys (mean age – 7.64±0.48 years), who had overweight, participated in this study. All subjects practiced 44 PE classes (September–December 2021). Control group (G1 – n=32) performed standard curriculum PE during the study. Experimental group (G2 – n=32) performed sixteen-week functional/motor intervention in PE classes. This intervention program had high intensity movements, based on basic motor skills. Subjects' height, weight, BMI, and physical fitness: push-up test, running sprint test, standing long jump test (SLJ), seat-and-reach test (SRT) and 6-minute walk test (6MWT), were assessed before and after intervention. There were significant (p < 0.05) differences between both groups in physical fitness and BMI values in post-intervention period. Children (G2), who practiced functional/motor training intervention, demonstrated a higher performance values in special physical tests, except for SRT. Children (G2) demonstrated a significantly (p < 0.05) lower values in BMI measurement in post-intervention period. A sixteen-week functional/motor training intervention in PE classes is effective to increase physical fitness performance and BMI correction in overweight primary schoolchildren (boys aged 7-8 years). Incorporation of different functional/motor trainings in PE curriculum could be an effective as part of obesity prevention in primary schoolchildren.

Effects of high-intensity interval training intervention on physical fitness and body mass index of overweight primary schoolchildren

This current study aims to analyze the contribution of futsal practice in global praxis and body image in children in a specialized motor stage, evaluating the motor performance before and after an intervention in the following factors: hands and feet global praxis and body image. It was adopted the application method of 18 one-hour twice a week session, divided into three modules, I) displacement activities in different directions; II) coordination activities and reaction time and III) throwing and kicking activities. Twenty male participants, aged 8 to 12 years, with normal motor development were used. The survey was conducted at a private school. The results found were a significant improvement in the hits of the tennis balls with hands and make the number of hits in kicking the ball with his feet. Regarding the analysis of body image after the proposed intervention, the children has shown the body parts performance incorporated in drawings that were not previously present. It is concluded that there are positive contributions of the futsal practice in respect to the global praxis practice and body image in children in a specialized motor stage.

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Ingrid S. Bezerra

Papers

Futsal as a strategy for the improvement of elementary abilities and for the development of the body image in children