Separation, preconcentration and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometric (ICP-MS) determination of thorium(IV), titanium(IV), iron(III), lead(II) and chromium(III) on 2-nitroso-1-naphthol impregnated MCI GEL CHP20P resin

The concentrations of lead, cadmium and copper in roadside soil and plants in Elazig, Turkey were investigated. Soil samples were collected at distances of 0, 25 and 50 m from the roadside. The concentrations of lead, cadmium and copper were measured by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (FAAS). A slotted tube atom trap (STAT) was used to increase the sensitivity of lead and cadmium in FAAS. Lead concentrations in soil samples varied from 1.3 to 45 mg kg(-1) while mean lead levels in plants ranged from120 ng g(-1) for grape in point-4 to 866 ng g(-1) for apple leaves in point-2. Lead analyses showed that there was a considerable contamination in both soil and plants affected from traffic intensity. Overall level of Cd in soil samples lies between 78 and 527 ng/g while cadmium concentration in different vegetations varied in the range of 0.8-98.0 ng g(-1). Concentrations of copper in soil and plant samples were found in the range of 11.1-27.9 mg kg(-1) for soil and 0.8-5.6 mg kg(-1) for plants. Standard reference material (SRM) was used to find the accuracy of the results of soil analyses.

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Determination of lead, cadmium and copper in roadside soil and plants in Elazig, Turkey.

Eight heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb) in 14 different wild-growing edible mushroom species (Coprinus comatus, Voluariella volvacea, Pleurotus nebrodensis, Hypsizigus marmoreus, Hericium erinaceus, Agrocybe aegerita, Lenf inus edodes, Collybia velutipes, Agaricus bisporus, Russula albida, Clitocybe conglobata, Pleurotus eryngii, Lepista sordida, and Pleurotus ostreatus) collected from Yunnan province, China, were determined by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry after microwave digestion. All element concen- trations were determined on a dry weight basis. The ranges of element concentrations for copper, zinc, iron, manganese, cadmium, chromium, nickel, and lead were 6.8-31.9, 42.9-94.3, 67.5- 843, 13.5-113, 0.06-0.58, 10.7-42.7, 0.76-5.1, and 0.67-12.9 mg/kg, respectively. In general, iron content was higher than other metals in all mushroom species. The levels of zinc, cadmium, and lead in some edible mushroom samples were found to be higher than legal limits. The relative standard deviations were found below 10%. The accuracy of procedure was confirmed by certified reference material.

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Assessment of heavy metals in some wild edible mushrooms collected from Yunnan Province, China

OBJECTIVES: High levels of transition metals such as iron, nickel, chromium, copper, and lead are closely related to free radical generation, lipid peroxidation, formation of DNA-strand breaks, and tumor growth in cellular systems. In order to determine the correlation to malignant growth in humans, we investigated the accumulation of heavy metals in 20 breast cancer biopsies and compared the findings to the levels found in 8 healthy biopsies. METHODS: The concentration of transition metals in breast cancer and control biopsies was assessed by a standardized Atomic Absorption Spectrofotometry (AAS) technique with acidic hydrolysis for sample preparation. Additionally, heavy metal analysis in control biopsies was also performed with an Inductive Coupled Plasma – Mass Spectroscopy (ICP-MS) technique. For statistical analysis of the results, the Mann-Whitney U Test was applied. RESULTS: A highly significant accumulation of iron (p<0.0001), nickel (p<0.00005), chromium (p<0.00005), zinc (p<0.00001), cadmium (p<0.005), mercury (p<0.005), and lead (p< 0.05) was found in the cancer samples when compared to the control group. Copper and silver showed no significant differences to the control group, whereas tin, gold, and palladium were not detectable in any biopsies. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that pathological accumulation of transition metals in breast tissue may be closely related to the malignant growth process.

/pdf/increased-levels-of-transition-metals-in-breast-cancer-3muij6mo7n.pdf

Increased levels of transition metals in breast cancer tissue.

http://profdrmehmetyaman.com/yillara_gore_makaleler/2008/talanta_75_online_precon_STAT_Cd_Pb_Cu.pdf

Online preconcentration for the determination of lead, cadmium and copper by slotted tube atom trap (STAT)-flame atomic absorption spectrometry.

Imbalance in the composition of trace metals, recognized to be essential to normal human homeostasis, besides the accumulation of potentially toxic or nonessential trace metals, may cause disease. Thus, there is a need for their analysis in cancerous and noncancerous human tissues to examine the relationship between cancer and these elements. Trace metal concentrations including Cd, Ni, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mg, and Ca in both malign and benign prostate samples were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The tissues were digested by using microwave energy. In contrast to the literature data for zinc, the concentrations of calcium and zinc in the malign human prostate were found to be significantly higher than those in the benign human prostate (p < 0.05 for both metals). Similarly, the concentrations of iron, nickel, and magnesium in the malign prostate were also found to be higher than those in the benign prostate (p </= 0.1). Therefore, it is understood that more studies are needed regarding the increase or decrease in the metal (particularly Ca and Zn) concentrations of malign prostate samples.

/pdf/comparison-of-trace-metal-concentrations-in-malign-and-9466guhrkx.pdf

Comparison of trace metal concentrations in malign and benign human prostate.

Various designs of quartz tube in a slotted tube atom trap were examined for improving the sensitivity of flame AAS. A 3.5-fold enhancement in the sensitivity was obtained by using the optimized method. The method was applied to the determination of Cu in cancerous and non-cancerous human thyroid tissues. The Cu concentrations of the cancerous samples tended to increase compared with the non-cancerous samples. Zn concentrations of the same tissues were also determined.

https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/analsci/20/9/20_9_1363/_pdf

Sensitivity enhancement in flame atomic absorption spectrometry for determination of copper in human thyroid tissues.

Determination of the trace elements in a variety of environmental samples is of great importance. Most elements, including iron, calcium, and selenium, are crucial for the regulation of human mechanisms, and many others, like lead and cadmium, are toxic even at trace levels. Some elements, like selenium, have a narrow margin of safety. Hence, determination of elements at trace levels is crucial in any matrix related to humans. Trace element determination requires sufficiently sensitive procedures to monitor trace levels. This review aims to highlight not only the development in instrumentation for ultratrace element determination in variety of matrices but the application of developed techniques. Advantages and disadvantages of the techniques are also discussed.

From mg/kg to pg/kg Levels: A Story of Trace Element Determination: A Review

The digestion procedures based on dry and wet ashing and closed vessel-assisted microwave oven were compared to determine a rapid, reliable, and simple digestion method for the flame atomic absorption spectrophotometric analysis of yogurt samples. Various temperatures and periods for dry ashing, various amounts of the digesting mixture/sample for wet ashing, and different powers of the microwave oven were examined. The obtained data show that the microwave oven is an excellent method because it is fast and results in fewer losses and contaminants. In dry ashing, considerable lead losses were observed when 500 °C was applied for a period of eight hours. The results were compared with those reported in the literature. It was found that the Pb concentration of all studied samples (except for two samples-taken from top of Al container) were higher than the maximum limit (20 ng g -1 ) set by FAO/WHO for milk.

Determination of Cu, Mn, and Pb in Yogurt Samples by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Using Dry, Wet, and Microwave Ashing Methods

Preconcentration is commonly used if the concentration of trace elements in the sample is lower than the detection limit of the analytical technique Furthermore, a number of interfering constituents can be removed by using preconcentration procedures In this study, a simple, sensitive, accurate and selective method was optimized for determination of ultratrace levels of nickel For this purpose, Ni was complexed with PAR and adsorbed on the activated carbon It was found that reproducible recoveries up to 90% were achieved at the pH range of 40-70 with a contact time of 30 minutes The adsorbed nickel was eluted by adding concentrated nitric acid and measured by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) The optimized enrichment method was applied to the determination of nickel in natural water samples The detection limit was found to be 06 ng mL -1  The relative standard deviation (RSD) was found to be 9% by using 300 mL of 10 ng mL -1 Ni, for 10 replicate enrichment procedures Nickel concentrations in the studied water samples were found to be in the ranges of 30-57 ng mL -1 

Ismail Akdeniz

Papers

Comparison of trace metal concentrations in malign and benign human prostate.

Sensitivity enhancement in flame atomic absorption spectrometry for determination of copper in human thyroid tissues.

From mg/kg to pg/kg Levels: A Story of Trace Element Determination: A Review

Determination of Cu, Mn, and Pb in Yogurt Samples by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Using Dry, Wet, and Microwave Ashing Methods

Solid phase extraction and preconcentration of nickel in water samples with activated carbon-PAR and flame atomic absorption spectrometry