Showing papers by "István Gódor published in 2015"

Towards a Comparative Science of Cities: Using Mobile Traffic Records in New York, London, and Hong Kong

Abstract: This chapter examines the possibility to analyze and compare human activities in an urban environment based on the detection of mobile phone usage patterns. Thanks to an unprecedented collection of counter data recording the number of calls, SMS, and data transfers resolved both in time and space, we confirm the connection between temporal activity profile and land usage in three global cities: New York, London, and Hong Kong. By comparing whole cities’ typical patterns, we provide insights on how cultural, technological, and economical factors shape human dynamics. At a more local scale, we use clustering analysis to identify locations with similar patterns within a city. Our research reveals a universal structure of cities, with core financial centers all sharing similar activity patterns and commercial or residential areas with more city-specific patterns. These findings hint that as the economy becomes more global, common patterns emerge in business areas of different cities across the globe, while the impact of local conditions still remains recognizable on the level of routine people activity.

Crowdsensing Solutions in Smart Cities towards a Networked Society

Abstract: The goal of the paper is to give an overview of the most relevant aspects of mobile crowdsensing that are already utilized by the society. The paper focuses on best practices applied in smart cities today, how these applications can be motivated (incentives), and how they rely on technology enablers of today’s vertical silos and future’s horizontal approaches. We introduce a path for transforming the vertical silos of today containing separated solutions in various domains into a horizontal, unified ecosystem, giving a way to novel technology and business opportunities.

Crowdsensing Solutions in Smart Cities: Introducing a Horizontal Architecture

Abstract: The paper gives an overview of the most relevant aspects of mobile crowdsensing that are already utilized by the society. The paper focuses on the best practices applied in smart cities today, and how they rely on technology enablers of today's vertical silos and future's horizontal approaches. We introduce a path for transforming the current vertical solutions of today containing separated solutions in various domains into a horizontal, unified architecture and ecosystem, giving a way to novel technology and business opportunities.

Visualizing signatures of human activity in cities across the globe.

Abstract: The availability of big data on human activity is currently changing the way we look at our surroundings With the high penetration of mobile phones, nearly everyone is already carrying a high-precision sensor providing an opportunity to monitor and analyze the dynamics of human movement on unprecedented scales In this article, we present a technique and visualization tool which uses aggregated activity measures of mobile networks to gain information about human activity shaping the structure of the cities Based on ten months of mobile network data, activity patterns can be compared through time and space to unravel the "city's pulse" as seen through the specific signatures of different locations Furthermore, the tool allows classifying the neighborhoods into functional clusters based on the timeline of human activity, providing valuable insights on the actual land use patterns within the city This way, the approach and the tool provide new ways of looking at the city structure from historical perspective and potentially also in real-time based on dynamic up-to-date records of human behavior The online tool presents results for four global cities: New York, London, Hong Kong and Los Angeles

A Tale of Many Cities — Visualizing Signatures of Human Activity in Cities Across the Globe

Abstract: The availability of big data on human activity is currently changing the way we look at our surroundings. With the high penetration of mobile phones, nearly everyone is already carrying a high-precision sensor providing an opportunity to monitor and analyze the dynamics of human movement on unprecedented scales. In this article, we present a technique and visualization tool which uses aggregated activity measures of mobile networks to gain information about human activity shaping the structure of the cities. Based on ten months of mobile network data, activity patterns can be compared through time and space to unravel the "city's pulse" as seen through the specific signatures of different locations. Furthermore, the tool allows classifying the neighborhoods into functional clusters based on the timeline of human activity, providing valuable insights on the actual land use patterns within the city. This way, the approach and the tool provide new ways of looking at the city structure from historical perspective and potentially also in real-time based on dynamic up-to-date records of human behavior. The online tool presents results for four global cities: New York, London, Hong Kong and Los Angeles.

Radio access network-based transmission control of layer-encoded media frames

Abstract: A technique for controlling transmission of layer-encoded media frames via a radio interface to a user terminal is presented. The layer-encoding defines a decoding-dependency of the media frames in terms of, for example, a base layer and one or more enhancement layers. A method implementation of the technique comprises receiving layer-encoded media frames at a radio access network and determining, at the radio access network, the decoding-dependency and a media frame play-out sequence of the received media frames. The method further comprises identifying, from the media frame play-out sequence, a media frame for transmission via the radio interface and determining that the identified media frame is unavailable. In such a case, at least one media frame dependent from the unavailable media frame is identified from the media frame decoding-dependency, and the at least one dependent media frame is excluded from transmission via the radio interface.