Silicon-Based Negative Electrode for High-Capacity Lithium-Ion Batteries: “SiO”-Carbon Composite

Among the group IVA materials, germanium has a large theoretical specific capacity, good electrical conductivity and fast lithium ion diffusivity, making it an alternative anode material for Li ion batteries. Nanostructured electrodes now are the biggest focus to solve the volume expansion problem and to improve cycling and rate performance. Ionic liquid electrodeposition was used to obtain Ge nanoparticles at room temperature, and by combining with a “hard” template, 3D macroporous frameworks have been easily synthesized. 3D ordered macroporous Ge exhibits a reversible capacity of 1024 mA h g−1 and retains a capacity of 844 mA h g−1 after 50 cycles at a rate of 0.2 C.

3D ordered macroporous germanium fabricated by electrodeposition from an ionic liquid and its lithium storage properties

A high capacity electrode includes a conducting substrate on which a plurality of support filaments are disposed. Each of the support filaments have a length substantially greater than their width and may include, for example, a carbon nano-tube (CNT), a carbon nano-fiber (CNF), and/or a nano-wire (NW). The support filaments are coated with a material, such as silicon, having a greater ion absorbing capacity greater than the neat support filaments. A trunk region of the support filaments proximate to the substrate is optionally kept free of ion absorbing material. This trunk region allows for the expansion of the ion absorbing material without detaching the support filaments form the substrate.

High Capacity Electrodes

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12598-020-01537-8.pdf

Electrolytic alloy-type anodes for metal-ion batteries

A novel hybrid lithium-ion anode material based on coaxially coated Si shells on vertically aligned carbon nanofiber (CNF) arrays. The unique cup-stacking graphitic microstructure makes the bare vertically aligned CNF array an effective Li+ intercalation medium. Highly reversible Li+ intercalation and extraction were observed at high power rates. More importantly, the highly conductive and mechanically stable CNF core optionally supports a coaxially coated amorphous Si shell which has much higher theoretical specific capacity by forming fully lithiated alloy. The broken graphitic edges at the CNF sidewall ensure good electrical connection with the Si shell during charge/discharge processes.

Energy storage devices

Resumen en: We have prepared the Si/Mo multilayer by alternate deposition with a multi-gun rf/dc magnetron sputtering system. A current collector was Cu foil that h...

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Electrochemical characteristics of Si/Mo multilayer anode for Li ion batteries

Structural understanding of metal nanoparticles shape is made with the help of topological approximations, based on the topological evalua- tion of configurations. The mathematical formalism of the topology is used to establish the principles on which metallic atoms are arranged, and the form to generate classifications for the structures and observed surface morphologies. Metal nanoparticles can be determined as homeomorphous-like because their configuration and transformation rules. These mathematical principles allow the establishment of the significant facts that determine the particular set of geometries for low energy small metallic clusters.

J. A. Ascencio

Papers

Electrochemical characteristics of Si/Mo multilayer anode for Li ion batteries

A Topological approximation to the understanding of small metal clusters geometry