PURPOSE: There is a lack of homogeneity in the terminology used in the context of patient safety related to medication. The aim of this review was to identify the terms and definitions used in patient safety related to medication within the scientific literature. METHODS: Original and review articles that were indexed between 1998 and 2008 in MEDLINE and EMBASE and contained terms used in patient safety related to medication were included. Terms and definitions were extracted and categorised according to whether its definition referred to the process of medication use, or to the clinical outcome of medication use, or both. RESULTS: Of 2564 articles, 147 were included. Sixty terms used in patient safety related to medication with 189 different definitions were identified. Among terms that referred only to the process of medication use (n = 23), medication error provided the greatest number of definitions (n = 29). Among terms that referred only to the clinical outcome of medication use (n = 31), adverse drug event provided the greatest number of definitions (n = 15). Finally, among terms that referred both to the process of use and to the clinical outcome of medication use (n = 13), drug-related problem provided the greatest number of definitions (n = 7). CONCLUSIONS: A multitude of terms and definitions are used in patient safety related to medication. This heterogeneity makes it difficult to compare the results among studies and to appreciate the true magnitude of the problem. Classifying and unifying the terminology is necessary to advance in patient safety strategies. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Language: en

Terms used in patient safety related to medication: a literature review.

Predictors of prescription errors involving anticancer chemotherapy agents

Topical formulations are widely used in anti-haemorrhoidal treatment, but often lacking controlled clinical trials. Here, we report the results from a controlled clinical trial performed with a new gel medical device (Proctoial) containing hyaluronic acid with tea tree oil and methyl-sulfonyl-methane as major components. The total number of 36 haemorrhoidal patients (grade 1-3) was enrolled in a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial and divided into 2 equal parallel groups. The anal pain, pain during defecation, visible bleeding, pruritus and irritation/inflammation were recorded before and after 14-day treatment using a visual analogue scale both by the investigators and by the patients. Safety and tolerability of the treatments were also recorded. The new gel medical device statistically significantly reduced all the symptoms after the treatment compared to placebo. The results indicated also a very good tolerability and safety of the treatments.

Efficacy and tolerability of hyaluronic acid, tea tree oil and methyl-sulfonyl-methane in a new gel medical device for treatment of haemorrhoids in a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial

To determine whether the medical Treatment of anal fissure can be an effective alternative for surgery Methods: Retrospectively, we randomly selected 190 Patients being treated for anal fissure between the years 2005-2010 in 3 equal groups: group A: Patients who received medical treatment with topical nitroglycerin, group B: Patient treated with topical diltiazem, and group C: Patients underwent surgery. The results were then correlated with the statistical program SPSS using chi -square test. Main complaints of the patients were first anal pain and then bleeding. The response to treatments for relieving pain was: 77% in A, 83% in B, and 98% in group C. Response of treatments for fissure healing, in order of groups A, B and C was: 74%, 83%, and 94%. Despite good response to medical treatment, surgical treatment was more effective and medical treatment of choice in patients who are willing to have surgery.

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Chronic Anal Fissure: A Comparative Study of Medical Treatment Versus Surgical Sphincterotomy.

Die Analfissur ist eine der haufigsten Pathologien, welche sich dem Proktologen prasentiert. Entsprechend ist es wichtig, verlassliche Leitlinien dazu zu entwickeln. Die aktuelle Leitlinie wurde anhand eines systematischen Literaturreview von einem interdisziplinaren Expertengremium diskutiert und verabschiedet. Die akute Analfissur, soll auf Grund ihrer hohen Selbstheilungstendenz konservativ behandelt werden. Die Heilung wird am besten durch die Einnahme von Ballaststoff reicher Ernahrung und einer medikamentosen Relaxation durch Kalziumkanal-Antagonisten (CCA) unterstutzt. Zur Behandlung der chronischen Analfissur (CAF), soll den Patienten eine medikamentose Behandlung zur „chemischen Sphinkterotomie“ mittels topischer CCA oder Nitraten angeboten werden. Bei Versagen dieser Therapie, kann zur Relaxation des inneren Analsphinkters Botulinumtoxin injiziert werden. Es ist belegt, dass die operativen Therapien effektiver sind. Deshalb kann eine Operation schon als primare Therapie oder nach erfolgloser medikamentoser Therapie erfolgen. Die Fissurektomie, evtl. mit zusatzlicher Botulinumtoxin Injektion oder Lappendeckung, ist die Operation der Wahl. Obwohl die laterale Internus Sphinkterotomie die CAF effektiver heilt, bleibt diese wegen dem hoheren Risiko fur eine postoperative Stuhlinkontinenz eine Option fur Einzelfalle.

/pdf/s3-leitlinie-analfissur-2zbu23prnk.pdf

S3-Leitlinie: Analfissur

https://revistafarmaciahospitalaria.sefh.es/gdcr/index.php/fh/article/download/795/795

Validación farmacéutica y detección de errores de prescripción de antineoplásicos en pacientes oncohematológicos

[Efficacy and safety of topical diltiazem 2 % in anal fissure].

https://revistafarmaciahospitalaria.sefh.es/gdcr/index.php/fh/article/download/610/610

Efectividad y seguridad de diltiazem 2 % tópico en fisura anal

http://www.aulamedica.es/gdcr/index.php/fh/article/download/801/801

J. Abellón Ruiz

Papers

Validación farmacéutica y detección de errores de prescripción de antineoplásicos en pacientes oncohematológicos

[Efficacy and safety of topical diltiazem 2 % in anal fissure].

Efectividad y seguridad de diltiazem 2 % tópico en fisura anal

Toxicidad cutánea asociada a la administración de paclitaxel

Pharmaceutical Validation and Error Detection in the Prescription of Antineoplastics in Oncohaematological Patients