Introduced to the Market in the Last Decade (2001−2011) Jiang Wang,† María Sańchez-Rosello,́‡,§ Jose ́ Luis Aceña, Carlos del Pozo,‡ Alexander E. Sorochinsky, Santos Fustero,*,‡,§ Vadim A. Soloshonok,* and Hong Liu*,† †Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China ‡Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicente Andreś Estelleś, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain Laboratorio de Molećulas Orgańicas, Centro de Investigacioń Príncipe Felipe, C/ Eduardo Primo Yuf́era 3, 46012 Valencia, Spain Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel Lardizab́al 3, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Alameda Urquijo, 36-5 Plaza Bizkaia, 48011 Bilbao, Spain Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Murmanska Street 1, 02660 Kyiv-94, Ukraine

Fluorine in pharmaceutical industry: fluorine-containing drugs introduced to the market in the last decade (2001-2011).

Direct photocatalyzed hydrogen atom transfer (d-HAT) can be considered a method of choice for the elaboration of aliphatic C-H bonds. In this manifold, a photocatalyst (PCHAT) exploits the energy of a photon to trigger the homolytic cleavage of such bonds in organic compounds. Selective C-H bond elaboration may be achieved by a judicious choice of the hydrogen abstractor (key parameters are the electronic character and the molecular structure), as well as reaction additives. Different are the classes of PCsHAT available, including aromatic ketones, xanthene dyes (Eosin Y), polyoxometalates, uranyl salts, a metal-oxo porphyrin and a tris(amino)cyclopropenium radical dication. The processes (mainly C-C bond formation) are in most cases carried out under mild conditions with the help of visible light. The aim of this review is to offer a comprehensive survey of the synthetic applications of photocatalyzed d-HAT.

Direct Photocatalyzed Hydrogen Atom Transfer (HAT) for Aliphatic C-H Bonds Elaboration

A critical overview of the chemistry of copper-dependent low density lipoprotein oxidation: roles of lipid hydroperoxides, alpha-tocopherol, thiols, and ceruloplasmin.

Triplet ketone sensitizers are of central importance within the realm of photochemical transformations Although the radical-type character of triplet excited states of diaryl ketones suggests the viability for triggering hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) and single-electron transfer (SET) processes, among others, their use as multifaceted catalysts in C–C bond-formation via sp3 C–H functionalization of alkane feedstocks still remains rather unexplored Herein, we unlock a modular photochemical platform for forging C(sp3)–C(sp2) and C(sp3)–C(sp3) linkages from abundant alkane sp3 C–H bonds as functional handles using the synergy between nickel catalysts and simple, cheap and modular diaryl ketones This method is distinguished by its wide scope that is obtained from cheap catalysts and starting precursors, thus complementing existing inner-sphere C–H functionalization protocols or recent photoredox scenarios based on iridium polypyridyl complexes Additionally, such a platform provides a new strategy for strea

sp3 C-H Arylation and Alkylation Enabled by the Synergy of Triplet Excited Ketones and Nickel Catalysts.

Organic photochemistry in organized media

Substituent effects on hydrogen abstraction by phenyl ketone triplets

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Laser photolysis techniques have been used to measure the reactivity of t-butoxy radical (t-BuO) toward various fatty acids. Eight compounds varying both in number and in the configuration of olefinic bonds were examined. It has been found that the rate constant for hydrogen abstraction from these compounds by t-BuO may be related to the number of secondary, allylic, and doubly allylic hydrogens in each molecule by the equation: kr= [0.072[Hsec] + 0.518[Hallylic] + 2.716[Hdoubly allylic] x 106M-1 s-1.

RADICAL PROCESSES IN LIPIDS. A LASER PHOTOLYSIS STUDY OF t‐BUTOXY RADICAL REACTIVITY TOWARD FATTY ACIDS

Obtention du dimethyl-3,3 phenyl-1indanol. Mecanisme. Le rendement quantique est de 0,04 dans les hydrocarbures alors qu'il est egal a 1 dans le methanol

Photocyclization of o-tert-butylbenzophenone

The biradicals generated in the Norrish type II reaction abstract hydrogen atoms from mercaptans and Bu/sub 3/SnH with rate constants of 9 x 10/sup 6/ and 1.1 x 10/sup 6/ M/sup -1/ s/sup -1/, respectively (for the biradical from ..gamma..-methylvalerophenone). The data from competitive and time-resolved experiments are in excellent agreement. The results suggest that the reactivity of radical sites in biradicals is identical with that of the same sites in monoradicals.

Hydrogen abstraction by biradicals. Reactions with tri-n-butylstannane and octanethiol

On etudie la photocyclisation laser de trimethyl-2',4',6' et triisopropyl-2',4',6' acetophenones

J. C. Scaiano

Papers

Substituent effects on hydrogen abstraction by phenyl ketone triplets

RADICAL PROCESSES IN LIPIDS. A LASER PHOTOLYSIS STUDY OF t‐BUTOXY RADICAL REACTIVITY TOWARD FATTY ACIDS

Photocyclization of o-tert-butylbenzophenone

Hydrogen abstraction by biradicals. Reactions with tri-n-butylstannane and octanethiol

Excited-state chemistry of a 1,5-biradical: laser-induced ejection of a 1,3-biradical