There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

Phd by thesis

Approaches, Derivatives and Applications Vasilios Georgakilas,† Michal Otyepka,‡ Athanasios B. Bourlinos,‡ Vimlesh Chandra, Namdong Kim, K. Christian Kemp, Pavel Hobza,‡,§,⊥ Radek Zboril,*,‡ and Kwang S. Kim* †Institute of Materials Science, NCSR “Demokritos”, Ag. Paraskevi Attikis, 15310 Athens, Greece ‡Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic Center for Superfunctional Materials, Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Hyojadong, Namgu, Pohang 790-784, Korea Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Flemingovo naḿ. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic

Functionalization of Graphene: Covalent and Non-Covalent Approaches, Derivatives and Applications

DLS and zeta potential - What they are and what they are not?

A review on carbon nanotubes and graphene as fillers in reinforced polymer nanocomposites

Two-dimensional materials are one of the most active areas of nanomaterials research. Here we report the structural stability, electronic and vibrational properties of different monolayer configurations of the group IV elemental materials silicene and germanene. The structure of the stable configuration is calculated and for planar and low (<1 A) atomic buckling configurations, analysis of the electronic band structure reveals linear band dispersion giving rise to massless Dirac Fermions with a Fermi velocity about two-thirds that of graphene. Monolayer stability is shown to be directly attributed to the phonons present with the instability being driven by the out-of-plane ZA and ZO phonon modes. Long momentum relaxation lengths and high carrier mobilities are predicted for silicene and germanene based devices as carrier relaxation via phonon scattering is found to be inhibited as the electron–optical phonon coupling matrix elements are calculated to be small, being about a factor of 25 times smaller than...

Beyond graphene: stable elemental monolayers of silicene and germanene.

Density-functional theory is used to investigate hydrogen physisorption on a graphene layer and on single wall carbon nanotubes. Both external and internal adsorption sites of (9, 0) and (10, 0) carbon nanotubes have been studied with the hydrogen molecular axis oriented parallel or perpendicular to the nanotube wall. A range of hydrogen molecule binding sites has been examined and it is found that hydrogen binds weakly to each of the graphitic structures and at all adsorption sites examined. Calculations using different functionals reveal that the binding energies are a factor of 2 larger for hydrogen bound inside the nanotubes than for adsorption outside the nanotubes or on the graphene layer. Furthermore, configurations of the hydrogen molecular axis parallel to the nanotube wall or graphene layer bind more effectively than configurations where the axis is normal to the carbon nanostructures. The differing behavior between the carbon nanostructures is attributed to the curvature of the structure and the hydrogen-carbon electron interactions, where analysis of the electron density reveals evidence of charge redistribution with little charge transfer. The potential of hydrogen physisorption to carbon nanostructures for hydrogen storage and delivery is also discussed.

Ab initio investigation of molecular hydrogen physisorption on graphene and carbon nanotubes

An enhancement in the electrical performance of low temperature screen-printed silver nanoparticles (nAg) has been measured at frequencies up to 220 GHz. We show that for frequencies above 80 GHz the electrical losses in coplanar waveguide structures fabricated using nAg at 350 °C are lower than those found in conventional thick film Ag conductors consisting of micrometer-sized grains and fabricated at 850 °C. The improved electrical performance is attributed to the better packing of the silver nanoparticles resulting in lower surface roughness by a factor of 3. We discuss how the use of silver nanoparticles offers new routes to high frequency applications on temperature sensitive conformal substrates and in sub-THz metamaterials.

Enhanced Electrical Conductivity of Silver Nanoparticles for High Frequency Electronic Applications

We report the electrical responses of water vapour and O2 adsorption onto macroscopic multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) ropes, and compare the results with mats of acid-treated MWCNTs on SiO2 substrates in order to investigate the importance of oxygen-containing defects on CNTs. In the outgassed state both carbon nanotube (CNT) materials exhibit rapid changes in electrical resistance when exposed to dry air, humid air or water vapour at standard temperature and pressure (STP). The measured electrical responses are highly reversible at STP when cycled between humid air, vacuum and dry air. We report a decrease in resistance for the CNT materials in dry air, attributed to O2 p-type doping of the CNTs, whereas there is an increase in resistance when exposed to a humid environment. This latter effect is attributed to the formation of hydrogen bonding from the polar water molecules with the oxygen-containing defects on the CNTs. Our observations indicate that the increase in electrical resistance upon water absorption affects a reduction of the electron-withdrawing power of the oxygen-containing defect groups, thus leading to a reduced hole carrier concentration in the p-type nanotubes.

The importance of oxygen-containing defects on carbon nanotubes for the detection of polar and non-polar vapours through hydrogen bond formation

We report the electron field emission characteristics of functionalised single walled carbon nanotube – polymer composites produced by solution processing. We show that excellent electron emission can be obtained by using as little as 0.7% volume fraction of nanotubes in the composite. Furthermore by tailoring the nanotube concentration and type of polymer, improvements in the charge transfer through the composite can be obtained. The synthesis of well dispersed randomly oriented nanotube - polymer composites by solution processing allows the development of carbon nanotube based large area cathodes produced using a scaleable technology. The relative insensitivity of the cathode’s field emission characteristics to the electrical conductivity of the composite is also discussed.

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J. David Carey

Papers

Beyond graphene: stable elemental monolayers of silicene and germanene.

Ab initio investigation of molecular hydrogen physisorption on graphene and carbon nanotubes

Enhanced Electrical Conductivity of Silver Nanoparticles for High Frequency Electronic Applications

The importance of oxygen-containing defects on carbon nanotubes for the detection of polar and non-polar vapours through hydrogen bond formation

Carbon‐Nanotube–Polymer Nanocomposites for Field‐Emission Cathodes