Possible applications for municipal solid waste fly ash

Anaerobic digestion is a versatile biotechnology for conversion of organic wastes to valuable biogas Anaerobic digestion of manure is making the most of it, as the process allows simultaneous bio-energy generation, production of nutrient rich soil amendment, reduced emission of greenhouse gases and odor control; it is thus in line with climate friendly farming practices Despite the enumerated advantages, the potential of manure for biogas production is not fully utilized due to the low and imbalance carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio in animal manures To satisfy the anaerobic digestion requirements and to compensate the carbon deficiency of manure, there should be another carbon-rich substrate to be co-digested with manure to improve its characteristics for anaerobic digestion; lignocellulosic biomass residues seem promising for this purpose This work presents a review on anaerobic co-digestion of animal manure and lignocellulosic feedstock for biogas production Several research studies conducted on co-digestion of these organic wastes are described and reviewed The impact of numerous parameters including temperature, pH, organic loading rate (OLR), hydraulic retention time (HRT), C/N ratio, alkalinity and concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) on the performance and stability of the co-digestion process is extensively discussed The influence of various pretreatment methods including physical, chemical and biological pretreatments on providing well-prepared substrate for anaerobic co-digestion and thus enhancement of biogas production is discussed An overview of the most significant factors and intermediates which can inhibit or even cease the process is also presented

Anaerobic co-digestion of animal manures and lignocellulosic residues as a potent approach for sustainable biogas production

Achievements and perspectives of anaerobic co-digestion: A review

Use of limestone for SO2 removal from flue gas in the semidry FGD process with a powder-particle spouted bed

Sulfur removal at high température during coal combustion in furnaces: a review

High-load anaerobic co-digestion of cheese whey and liquid fraction of dairy manure in a one-stage UASB process: limits in co-substrates ratio and organic loading rate

Sorbents for SO2 removal were prepared by hydration at 90 °C of calcium hydroxide and coal fly ash at different fly ash/Ca(OH)2 initial ratios, from 1/3 to 15/3, and slurring times, from 3 to 37 h. Properties characterized in the sorbents included the particle size, the Brunauer−Emmett−Teller surface area, and the porosity distribution. The Ca(OH)2 conversion as a measure of the pozzolanic reaction extent was also determined; all of these sorbent properties were related to the preparation variables. The obtained sorbents were tested in a flue gas desulfurization reaction at 57 °C and 52% relative humidity. The calcium utilization in this reaction was quantified as moles of SO2 captured per moles of calcium × 100. The Ca(OH)2 conversion in the hydration reaction and the raw material ratios have been revealed as the most efficient parameters to predict the behavior of the sorbent in the desulfurization process. The hydration reaction between fly ash and Ca(OH)2 should be performed just until the completion ...

Preparation, Characterization, and Calcium Utilization of Fly Ash/Ca(OH)2 Sorbents for Dry Desulfurization at Low Temperature

Effect of CaSO4 on the structure and use of Ca(OH)2/fly ash sorbents for SO2 removal

Preparation and characterization of fly ash/hydrated lime sorbents for SO2 removal

Fly-ash/calcium hydroxide mixtures for SO2 removal: structural properties and maximum yield

J. Fernández

Papers

High-load anaerobic co-digestion of cheese whey and liquid fraction of dairy manure in a one-stage UASB process: limits in co-substrates ratio and organic loading rate

Preparation, Characterization, and Calcium Utilization of Fly Ash/Ca(OH)2 Sorbents for Dry Desulfurization at Low Temperature

Effect of CaSO4 on the structure and use of Ca(OH)2/fly ash sorbents for SO2 removal

Preparation and characterization of fly ash/hydrated lime sorbents for SO2 removal

Fly-ash/calcium hydroxide mixtures for SO2 removal: structural properties and maximum yield