Force measurements were conducted in a pressurized wind tunnel from subcritical up to transcritical Reynolds numbers 2.3 × 104 [les ] Re [les ] 7.1 × 106 without changing the experimental arrangement. The steady and unsteady forces were measured by means of a piezobalance, which features a high natural frequency, low interferences and a large dynamic range. In the critical Reynolds-number range, two discontinuous transitions were observed, which can be interpreted as bifurcations at two critical Reynolds numbers. In both cases, these transitions are accompanied by critical fluctuations, symmetry breaking (the occurrence of a steady lift) and hysteresis. In addition, both transitions were coupled with a drop of the CD value and a jump of the Strouhal number. Similar phenomena were observed in the upper transitional region between the super- and the transcritical Reynolds-number ranges. The transcritical range begins at about Re ≈ 5 × 106, where a narrow-band spectrum is formed with Sr(Re = 7.1 × 106) = 0.29.

On the force fluctuations acting on a circular cylinder in crossflow from subcritical up to transcritical Reynolds numbers

Review and classification of various aerodynamic and hydrodynamic means for suppressing vortex shedding

Across-wind vibrations of structures of circular cross-section. Part I. Development of a mathematical model for two-dimensional conditions

This paper reports results From comprehensive pressure tests on an ogive cylinder in the low-turbulence 12-ft pressure wind tunnel at Ames Research Center. The results consist of detailed pressure distributions over a wide range of Reynolds numbers (0.2 x 10(exp 6) to 4.0 x 10(exp 6)) and angles of attack (20 to 90 deg). Most important, the tests encompassed a complete coverage of different roll orientations. This variation of roll orientation is shown to be essential in order to fully define all the possible flow conditions. When the various roll-angle results are combined, it is possible to interpret correctly the effects of changing angle of attack or Reynolds number. Two basic mechanisms for producing asymmetric flow are identified. One mechanism operates in both the laminar and the fully turbulent separation regimes; this mechanism Is the one qualitatively described by the impulsive flow analogy. The other mechanism occurs only in the transitional separation regime. This asymmetric flow has the same form as that found in the two-dimensional cross flow on a circular cylinder in the transitional flow regime. Finally, these results make it possible to draw up critical Reynolds number boundaries between the laminar, transitional, and fully turbulent separation regimes throughout the angle-of-attack range from 20 to 90 deg.

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19990027291/downloads/19990027291.pdf

Pressures Around an Inclined Ogive Cylinder with Laminar, Transitional, or Turbulent Separation

Experiments on flow past rough circular cylinders at large Reynolds numbers

Transonic wind tunnel tests of aerodynamic drag and lift forces on circular cylinder in two dimensional flow at high Reynolds number

/pdf/aerodynamic-forces-on-a-stationary-and-oscillating-circular-2cxz6jiz0v.pdf

Aerodynamic forces on a stationary and oscillating circular cylinder at high Reynolds numbers

Steady drag and unsteady lift forces on circular cylinder subjected to two-dimensional wind flow

J. J. Cincotta

Papers

Aerodynamic forces on a stationary and oscillating circular cylinder at high Reynolds numbers

Experimental investigation of wind induced oscillation effects on cylinders in two-dimensional flow at high Reynolds numbers