James Austin

TL;DR: The authors examines the dialectics of reform movements and their intended or unintended consequences in widening, strengthening, or creating different nets of social control, and argues that potential reformers cannot ignore the surrounding social, political, economic, and ideological context.

TL;DR: A history of the control and prevention of Juvenile Delinquency in the United States can be found in this article, where the contemporary Juvenile justice system its structure and operation taking youth into custody and the influence of gender and race.

TL;DR: This paper examined the current state of the art of prisoner reentry and found that most state prison systems are ill equipped to ease the transition of inmates from prison to the community and that a significant portion of released inmates pose minimal risk to public safety.

TL;DR: In this article, a review of the research literature on alternatives to incarcera tion suggests that their promise of reducing the prison population has remained largely unmet, and that the non-incarcerative options were transformed, serving criminal justice system values and goals other than reducing imprisonment.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an overview of current policy debates surrounding reform in the juvenile justice system and present new data on trends in juvenile crime and the justice system, and present their views of policy implications and potential remedies.