Detection and determination of nitrate and nitrite: a review.

This review captures the synthesis, assembly, properties, and applications of copper chalcogenide NCs, which have achieved significant research interest in the last decade due to their compositional and structural versatility. The outstanding functional properties of these materials stems from the relationship between their band structure and defect concentration, including charge carrier concentration and electronic conductivity character, which consequently affects their optoelectronic, optical, and plasmonic properties. This, combined with several metastable crystal phases and stoichiometries and the low energy of formation of defects, makes the reproducible synthesis of these materials, with tunable parameters, remarkable. Further to this, the review captures the progress of the hierarchical assembly of these NCs, which bridges the link between their discrete and collective properties. Their ubiquitous application set has cross-cut energy conversion (photovoltaics, photocatalysis, thermoelectrics), en...

Compound Copper Chalcogenide Nanocrystals

When two paramagnetic transition metal ions are present in the same molecular entity, the magnetic properties can be totally different from the sum of the magnetic properties of each ion surrounded by its nearest neighbors. These new properties depend on the nature and the magnitude of the interaction between the metal ions through the bridging ligands. If both ions have an unpaired electron (e.g. Cu2+ ions), then the molecular state of lowest energy is either a spin singlet or a spin triplet. In the former case, the interaction is said to be antiferromagnetic, in the latter case ferromagnetic. The nature and the order of magnitude of the interaction can be engineered by judiciously choosing the interacting metal ions and the bridging and terminal ligands, and, thus, by the symmetry and the delocalization of the orbitals centered on the metal ions and occupied by the unpaired electrons (magnetic orbitals). The first success in this “molecular engineering” of bimetallic compounds was in the synthesis of a Cu2+VO2+ heterobimetallic complex in which the interaction is purely ferro-magnetic. The same strategy could be utilized for designing molecular ferromagnets, one of the major challenges in the area of molecular materials. Another striking result is the possibility of tuning the magnitude of the interaction through a given bridging network by modifying the nature of the terminal ligands, which, in some way, play the role of “adjusting screws”. By careful selection of the bridging and terminal ligands, a very large antiferro-magnetic interaction can be achieved, even if the metal ions are far away from each other. Some sulfur-containing bridges are especially suitable in this respect.

Dinuclear Complexes with Predictable Magnetic Properties

Agricultural soils represent the main source of anthropogenic N2O emissions. Recently, interactions of black carbon with the nitrogen cycle have been recognized and the use of biochar is being investigated as a means to reduce N2O emissions. However, the mechanisms of reduction remain unclear. Here we demonstrate the significant impact of biochar on denitrification, with a consistent decrease in N2O emissions by 10–90% in 14 different agricultural soils. Using the 15N gas-flux method we observed a consistent reduction of the N2O/(N2 + N2O) ratio, which demonstrates that biochar facilitates the last step of denitrification. Biochar acid buffer capacity was identified as an important aspect for mitigation that was not primarily caused by a pH shift in soil. We propose the function of biochar as an “electron shuttle” that facilitates the transfer of electrons to soil denitrifying microorganisms, which together with its liming effect would promote the reduction of N2O to N2.

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Biochar and denitrification in soils: when, how much and why does biochar reduce N₂O emissions?

Mechanistic aspects of the reactions of nitric oxide with transition-metal complexes.

: On the basis of present investigations, copper(II) compounds with subnormal magnetic moments can be roughly divided into two types. Those with direct copper-to-copper interaction have short copper-to-copper distances. In these compounds, of which copper(II) acetate monohydrate is an example, the bonding is postulated to be of the delta-bond type. In the second group, represented by acetylacetone-mono(o-hydroxyanil)copper(II), super-exchange interaction produces the lowering of the magnetic moments. It is hoped that this review will initiate structural and other investigations of these extremely interesting compounds. (Author)

Copper(II) Complexes with Subnormal Magnetic Moments

The chemical reduction of nitrate in aqueous solution

Reaction of certain nitrogen oxides with iron(III) porphyrin .mu.-oxo complexes

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19650002870/downloads/19650002870.pdf

James C. Fanning

Papers

Copper(II) Complexes with Subnormal Magnetic Moments

The chemical reduction of nitrate in aqueous solution

Reaction of certain nitrogen oxides with iron(III) porphyrin .mu.-oxo complexes

Some transition metal complexes of 8-aminoquinoline

The solubilities of the alkali metal salts and the precipitation of cs+ from aqueous solution