It is considered by many that for industry to prosper into the 1990s it must adopt the principles of total quality control. These principles offer the opportunity to tap previously unused brainpower within an organisation, and to achieve what our potential overseas customers expect of us, that is, a guaranteed 100 per cent good product. This paper presents one company's ideas and methods of implementation. Tqc is very much a people thing, and requires employees at all levels to become familiar with, and practise basic charting and problem solving techniques. Economics do not allow us to load up our organisations with service departments. Quality must be controlled by the people at the workface (a).

Total quality control

The effects of catalysts in biodiesel production: A review

The objective of this work is to determine and study, analyze and elaborate, classify and categorize the main risk analysis and risk-assessment methods and techniques by reviewing the scientific literature. The paper consists of two parts: a) the investigation, presentation and elaboration of the main risk-assessment methodologies and b) the statistical analysis, classification, and comparative study of the corresponding scientific papers published by six representative scientific journals of Elsevier B.V. covering the decade 2000–2009. The scientific literature reviewing showed that the risk analysis and assessment techniques are classified into three main categories: (a) the qualitative, (b) the quantitative, and (c) the hybrid techniques (qualitative–quantitative, semi-quantitative). The qualitative techniques are based both on analytical estimation processes, and on the safety managers–engineers ability. According to quantitative techniques, the risk can be considered as a quantity, which can be estimated and expressed by a mathematical relation, under the help of real accidents’ data recorded in a work site. The hybrid techniques, present a great complexity due to their ad hoc character that prevents a wide spreading. The statistical analysis shows that the quantitative methods present the highest relative frequency (65.63%) while the qualitative a lower one (27.68%). Furthermore the hybrid methods remain constantly at a very low level (6.70%) during the entire processing period.

http://risktr.com/dokumanlar/risk%20analysis%20and%20assessment%20methodologies%20in%20th%20work%20sites.pdf

Risk analysis and assessment methodologies in the work sites: On a review, classification and comparative study of the scientific literature of the period 2000–2009

Composting technology in waste stabilization: On the methods, challenges and future prospects.

https://ir.nctu.edu.tw:443/bitstream/11536/5572/1/000275766700009.pdf

Co-composting of green waste and food waste at low C/N ratio

This paper reviews 242 accidents of storage tanks that occurred in industrial facilities over last 40 years. Fishbone Diagram is applied to analyze the causes that lead to accidents. Corrective actions are also provided to help operating engineers handling similar situations in the future. The results show that 74% of accidents occurred in petroleum refineries, oil terminals or storage. Fire and explosion account for 85% of the accidents. There were 80 accidents (33%) caused by lightning and 72 (30%) caused by human errors including poor operations and maintenance. Other causes were equipment failure, sabotage, crack and rupture, leak and line rupture, static electricity, open flames etc. Most of those accidents would have been avoided if good engineering have been practiced.

https://www.technokontrol.com/pdf/storagetank-firesstudy.pdf

A study of storage tank accidents

Effects of bulking agents on food waste composting.

Effects of compositions on food waste composting.

Thermophilic composting of food waste

The objective of this work was to develop a model to evaluate the performance of process safety management systems of paint manufacturing facilities. The model was constructed based on a three-level multi-attribute value model (MAVT) approach. The first level consisted of Deming's PDCA cycle, labeled as Plan, Do, Control, and Act Factors. The 20 attributes of the second level and 101 elements of the third levels were significant attributes derived from the literature search. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and factor analysis were used to assign their weights. Using this model, a Safety Index (SI) of a paint manufacturing facility could be calculated based on the independent evaluation of safety auditors. Safety audits on four paint manufacturing facilities were conducted by three auditors chosen from government inspectors, safety consulting engineers and paint industry professionals. The results showed that the two OHSAS 18001 certified facilities with zero Disabling Severity Rate (SR) and Disabling Frequency Rate (FR) statistics in 2006 scored much higher than those without OHSAS 18001 certification and with high SR/FR. The result of a two-way ANOVA and the low standard deviations indicated that the bias among different auditors was minimal. The framework developed in this work will be modified, generalized, and applied to other industry sectors in the future.

James I. Chang

Papers

A study of storage tank accidents

Effects of bulking agents on food waste composting.

Effects of compositions on food waste composting.

Thermophilic composting of food waste

Performance evaluation of process safety management systems of paint manufacturing facilities