Showing papers by "James L. Kirkland published in 1998"
TL;DR: Although the amount of fat tissue can increase or decrease more rapidly and to a greater extent than most other tissues, appetite suppression, dietary restriction, or surgical methods for reducing caloric intake can result in loss not only of fat mass, but also of muscle and other components of lean body mass.
Abstract: The prevalence of obesity is increasing rapidly in Western countries, and associations between obesity and atherosclerosis, diabetes, and other serious diseases are becoming increasingly apparent (Rosenbaum et al. 1997). Frustratingly little progress has been made in developing effective treatments for obesity. Appetite-suppressant drugs, dietary, and behavioral approaches so far result in either loss of only a small percent of fat mass or in transient weight loss with rebound weight gain, often within a matter of months. Indeed, around 97% of obese subjects who lose weight through dieting regain the lost weight within 1 year. The potential side effects of centrally acting appetite suppressants are a concern. Furthermore, although the amount of fat tissue can increase or decrease more rapidly and to a greater extent than most other tissues, appetite suppression, dietary restriction, or surgical methods for reducing caloric intake can result in loss not only of fat mass, but also of muscle and other components of lean body mass. Hence, approaches specifically targeted to fat tissue may prove to be an attractive strategy for treating obesity and its complications.
8 citations
TL;DR: To understand the role of free fatty acid (FFA) incorporation in the accumulation of lipids in the adipocyte and ultimately in the development of obesity, 13C nuclear magnetic resonance was used to study lipid metabolism in differentiating preadipocytes.
Abstract: To understand the role of free fatty acid (FFA) incorporation in the accumulation of lipids in the adipocyte and ultimately in the development of obesity, 13C nuclear magnetic resonance was used to study lipid metabolism in differentiating preadipocytes. The incorporation of 13C=O-labeled FFA into cellular lipids in primary cultured rat preadipocytes and 3T3L1 preadipocytes at different stages of differentiation was monitored by the 13C carbonyl chemical shift. Significant incorporation of palmitic acid into phosphatidylcholine in both the α and β acyl chain positions was found in cells at early stages of differentiation. At later differentiation stages or after extended incubation periods, most of the 13C=O signals were found in the triacylglycerol (TG) molecules. Unsaturated 13C=O-labeled acyl chains were detected in the TG molecules when cells were incubated with saturated 13C=O-labeled FFA, indicating that intracellular dehydrogenation had occurred in the 13C=O-labeled palmitoyl chain. By using 13C-labeled methyl myrisfate as an internal intensity reference, incorporation of 13C FFA into each acyl chain position of the major intracellular lipids was determined quantitatively.
4 citations