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Input Output Analysis Foundations And Extensions

Developments in methodologies, agglomeration, and a range of applied issues have characterized recent advances in regional and urban studies. Volume 5 concentrates on these developments while treating traditional subjects such as housing, the costs and benefits of cities, and policy issues beyond regional inequalities. Contributors make a habit of combining theory and empirics in each chapter, guiding research amid a trend in applied economics towards structural and quasi-experimental approaches. Clearly distinguished from the New Economic Geography covered by Volume 4, these articles feature an international approach that positions recent advances within the discipline of economics and society at large. * Editors are recognized as leaders and can attract an international list of contributors* Regional and urban studies interest economists in many subdisciplines, such as labor, development, and public economics* Table of contents combines theoretical and applied subjects, ensuring broad appeal to readers

Handbook of regional and urban economics

Human capital is usually viewed as one of the key determinants of competitiveness and economic growth. However, recent statistical data about unemployment and growth in EU have revealed some weak spots of this traditional view. The human capital itself seems not to be a guarantee of economic stability and presumable quick recovery from crisis. On the contrary we see countries like Spain or Cyprus where the level of human capital, expressed as a percentage of tertiary educated population, is relatively very high but the unemployment reaches critical levels and economic growth is weak or negative. In this article we continue with our previous research and show that human capital must reflect the economic structure to foster the economic growth. Otherwise it might only cause higher level of unemployment due to crowding out effect and imbalances on the labor market. We also deal with responses of regional economies on recent economic crisis, when we show asymmetric responses based on structural differences and human capital endowment.

Human Capital, Economic Structure and Growth

Micro-price data collected from Germany's consumer price index are used to compile a highly disaggregated regional price index for the 402 counties and cities of Germany. A multistage version of th...

/pdf/anatomy-of-regional-price-differentials-evidence-from-micro-2y3n0khuoo.pdf

Anatomy of regional price differentials: evidence from micro-price data

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The Human Development Report 2007/2008 about climate change and development made bold arguments concerning human rights and justice for the poor and for disadvantaged populations. However, its policy proposals were not as bold, looking very similar to those of the World Bank's World Development Report 2010. In this article we investigate in which direction the thinking on environment and sustainability by UNDP's Human Development Report Office has evolved since the HDR 2007/2008. A detailed frame and lexical analysis of the HDR 2011 on Sustainability and Equity shows a markedly technocratic direction, largely apolitical and insensitive to human rights issues and justice, giving a diluted successor to the HDR 2007/2008 and now close in perspective to the World Bank. This direction, as well as the little attention to the socio-economic and political barriers to sustainability and to climate change impacts we find in the HDR 2011, has consequences for the poorest sectors of South Africa's society.

An analysis of the Human Development Report 2011 : sustainability and equity : a better future for all

There is probably no question that regional price levels must be taken into account when any regional analysis is done and that price levels should be reflected in regional policies as well. The current approach of most researchers and policy makers is to use regional indicators converted, for the case of EU regions, in Purchasing Power Standard (PPS). Although the PPS indicators work well for countries they probably fail for regions. The main reason is that regional purchasing power standards do not reflect actual regional price levels – there is only a national parity (price level) which is equally applied to all the regions within a country. This downgrades the reliability of regional PPS indicators and raises serious analytical and political issues. The key problem is that most regional socio-economic indicators can significantly change when regional price levels are taken into account. The aim of this article is to present results of research focused on regional price levels estimation in the Czech R...

True regional purchasing power: evidence from the Czech Republic

Competitiveness analysis of countries and regions stands in the foreground in recent years. Different methods as well as indicators are used to assess competitiveness, but no single procedure is considered to be the main one and it can hardly be stated, which of the measurement approaches is the most proper. The IMD World Competitiveness Online database represents one of such tools, containing the Overall Competitiveness ranking that evaluates 59 world countries by more than 300 individual indicators in 2012. The paper proposes an original Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) model for competitiveness ranking of selected countries. The model is based, due to the high number of indicators and countries, on absolute measurement and expert evaluation. The results given by the AHP model are compared to IMD competitiveness ranking. Differences of both results are analysed and discussed.

AHP model for competitiveness analysis of selected countries

This paper deals with the topic of experimental computations and estimation of regional GDP components by expenditure approach in the NUTS 3 regions of the Czech Republic. As huge amount of data is necessary, this topic has not been successfully solved by official statistics yet. Just one expenditure component - gross fixed capital formation - is regionally published by the Czech Statistical Office, the others, such as final household consumption expenditures, government expenditures or net export balance, are estimated in this paper. Also the net savings of regions are experimentally computed. Different data sources needed to be used for estimations; apart from Czech Statistical Office and Institute for Regional Information data other sources as transportation statistics, health statistics etc. had to be employed. An important related issue is also the regional price level problem, whose implications are discussed in the paper as well. Finally regional differences in the structure of regional GDP are examined.

/pdf/experimental-estimate-of-components-of-expenditure-approach-4a6vlx1wat.pdf

Experimental Estimate of Components of Expenditure Approach to Regional GDP in the Czech Republic

Regional price levels should play important role in any regional analysis as plenty of indicators must be used in relation to the regional price levels and reflect the purchasing power in a particular region. The common approach in contemporary regional analyses is to use regional indicators converted in PPS. Although the PPS conversion is reliable and valid at the country level it is most likely to be inappropriate for the regional (NUTS 2 and NUTS 3) levels. The main reason is that regional PPS, which analysts usually get from EUROSTAT, actually do not reflect regional prices at all. The current methodology uses the same price level based on prices in capital city for all the regions in the country. This brings a lot of problems and empirical but also theoretical bias. In this paper we show some preliminary results of regional price levels calculation in Czech NUTS 3 regions and some economic implications which calculation of regional price levels brings. We conclude that incorporation proper regional price levels leads to quite different results in economic performance of the regions. Moreover we have to remember that the Czech Republic is quite small and homogenous country and that the differences could be even bigger in larger EU countries.

Regional price levels in the Czech Republic - preliminary results and application

Measuring sustainable development is a highly significant issue as there is neither a unified
set of indicators nor any preferred methodology on how to do it. This is despite continual
attempts to evaluate entities from the point of view of sustainable development. The most
problematic level according to sustainable development assessment seems to be the
“lower” regional levels, such as LAU 1 (former NUTS 4) level. On one hand, there are
usually at this level already serious problems with data availability, on the other, it is almost
impossible to regularly perform detailed questionnaire surveys in all LAU 1 regions (77
districts in case of the Czech Republic), as it is done in cities. The aim of the paper is to
decide how to assess sustainability at this level.
Relevant indicators, although different from indicators used at the national or NUTS 3
level, with data available for all LAU 1 regions were selected. We succeeded in filling all
the three pillars of sustainable development (economic, social and environmental) with a
sufficient number of suitable indicators. For the first phase, cluster analysis was applied to
find coherences among regions that are affected by similar problems. Composite indicators
were then constructed in order to create a ranking of all 77 districts. Ranking was derived
from this composite indicator approach. Ten composite indicators were constructed to test
different methods of normalisation, weighting and aggregation. The results show the
ranking of LAU 1 regions in the Czech Republic from the sustainability perspective, both
including and excluding the capital city of Prague as an outlying district. A good
interconnection between cluster analysis and constructed composite indicators can be seen;
this is also supported by the discussion of the results

https://ksh.hu/docs/hun/xftp/terstat/2013/hudrlikova_kramulova_zeman_revised.pdf

Measuring Sustainable Development at the Lower Regional Level in the Czech Republic based on Composite Indicators Measuring Sustainable Development in Czech LAU 1 Regions using Composite Indicators

Jana Kramulová

Papers

True regional purchasing power: evidence from the Czech Republic

AHP model for competitiveness analysis of selected countries

Experimental Estimate of Components of Expenditure Approach to Regional GDP in the Czech Republic

Regional price levels in the Czech Republic - preliminary results and application

Measuring Sustainable Development at the Lower Regional Level in the Czech Republic based on Composite Indicators Measuring Sustainable Development in Czech LAU 1 Regions using Composite Indicators