Politicka Ekonomie 

About: Politicka Ekonomie is an academic journal published by Prague University of Economics and Business. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Monetary policy & European union. It has an ISSN identifier of 0032-3233. It is also open access. Over the lifetime, 1135 publications have been published receiving 3543 citations.

Ropa a jej postavenie v globalizácii svetového hospodárstva

Abstract: This study is devoted to analysis of different aspects of world oil market development and its role in further growth of individual national economies, especially in connection with the ever intensifying globalization process. The study shows individual aspects and parts of the oil market, be it production and consumption of crude oil, its territorial dislocation, including EU, and also an analysis of the impact that has the development of oil consumption on economical results of individual national economies. In the first place it analyses the connections with the growth of competition ability of companies. Further research is devoted to the establishment of crude oil price and to the most important aspects on which depends the price creation process. Supply and demand factors are also analyzed. The study comes to a conclusion that the biggest obstacle in using the crude oil will not be its availability, at least in the short run, but the ever fast increasing price. This high price will enable the use of oil only to such companies and countries that will be able to implement the oil in the production process with very high efficiency. Such conditions satisfy only products and services that are based on unique technical and scientific know-how, with high added value, or in such areas of national economies where the use of oil is unenviable.

Vliv zdanění na dlouhodobý ekonomický růst

Abstract: The aim of the paper is a verification of particular channels that taxation can influence economic growth by. It concerns an influence by capital accumulation and investments, technological development and human capital accumulation. The effects of total tax burden as well as of particular taxes are analyzed. Tax burden is approximated by tax quota and, in certain cases, by implicit tax rate. There is a method of Panel Data Estimation used, especially in the case of OECD countries sample, and all the common econometric tests are performed. The recommendations for economic policy makers are formulated on the basis of the analysis. Above all, they include the suggestion of overall tax quota reduction, especially the reduction of excise taxes and social security contributions. Concerning new member countries of European Union, there is a recommendation of further elimination of tax burden of corporations.

Modely hodnocení efektivnosti produkčních jednotek

Abstract: The paper deals with models and methods for evaluation of efficiency and performance of production units. Especially, it aims at data envelopment analysis (DEA) models, which are based on the definition of efficiency as the ratio of outputs produced by the unit on the one hand and inputs spent in the production process on the other hand. Standard data envelopment analysis models divide the units into inefficient and efficient ones but they make it not possible to classify the efficient units. That is why the paper deals with several definitions of super efficiency that are bases for classification of efficient units. The models are illustrated on a numerical example. The proposed approaches are applied in assessing the efficiency of branches of a Czech bank. Computer solution of DEA models and future research is discussed in conclusions.

Innovation activity of firms and competition

Abstract: The aim of the article is to investigate if there exists a systematic link between size of the firm, market concentration and R&D activity of firms. Three tentative results emerged from the regression analysis based on the firm balanced panel data 1998-2006. First it follows from a regression analysis that a positive relationship between size and R&D activity of the firm exists, which is non-linear however. Second the results indicate that a negative relationship between firm R&D personnel and industry concentration exists. If market concentration is a measure of competition than we can conclude that innovation is related to the competitive market structure. We arrived at the same conclusion when innovation was measured by intangible assets and competition was measured by Lerner index. Finally, our analysis concluded that although foreign firms are on average larger than domestic, a negative relationship between the foreign ownership of the firm and the number of R&D employees exists. In comparison to domestic firms, foreign firms have less R&D personnel.

The political economy of moral hazard

Abstract: Conventional theory explains moral hazard as a consequence of information asymmetries. The present paper proposes an alternative approach. We argue that information asymmetries are just one among several causes of moral hazard and that they entail negative consequences for third parties only accidentally. By contrast, moral hazard also results from government interventionism. And in this case negative consequences are systematic and do result even in the absence of information asymmetries.