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Properties Of Concrete

Construction and demolition waste generation and properties of recycled aggregate concrete: A global perspective

A critical review and assessment for usage of recycled aggregate as sustainable construction material

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Design And Control Of Concrete Mixtures

This research use metakaolin and clay containing amorphous silica and alumina after calcination at 700°C. Mechanical properties and fire resistance of geopolymer paste increase as the ratio of silica to alumina. Mix design composition on this research based on the ratio of silica to alumina. The ratio of silica to alumina for metakaolin paste are 1.4 and 1.8. While for clay paste the ratio that used are 2.8 and 3.2. Na2SiO3 and NaOH with 10 M and 8 M were used as alkali activator at this research. Based on analysis the effect of increasing the ratio of silica to alumina increase fire resistance ability for both metakaolin and clay. However initial compressive strength is effected not only by ratio of silica to alumina but also the ratio of water to solid and SiO2/Na2O. The compressive strength decrease as the ratio of water to solid increases. Meanwhile compressive strength increase as the ratio of SiO2/Na2O increase.

Application of Pozzolan as Materials of Geopolymer Paste

This study was conducted as a part of a research to assess the influence of the volumetric properties of geopolymer artificial aggregates made of fly ash to the performance of asphalt mixture to be used in pavement layers. This paper presents the parameters adopted during the production of geopolymer artificial aggregates which may affect the volumetric properties and the structure of the aggregates. The investigated volumetric properties included specific gravity and water absorption. In the experiment laboratory, two variables were utilized for producing the artificial aggregates, which might affect the considered volumetric properties. Those variables are pan-granulator slopes and alkaline ratios (the ratios of Sodium Silicate to Sodium Hydroxide). The pan-granulator slopes were set at 3 different angles, i.e. 45o, 50o, and 55o. The selected alkaline ratios were 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0. The test results indicated that the best volumetric properties were obtained at a slope of 50o and alkaline ratio of 2.5. The bulk specific gravity values at the best volumetric properties were found to be: 1) oven dry at 1.9 grams/cm3; 2) saturated surface dry (SSD) at 2.0 grams/cm3, and 3) apparent at 2.1 grams/cm3 with 6% water absorption. In addition, the interfacial transition zone and microstructure aggregates were examined by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). In this study, it was found that there were effects of Na2SiO3/ NaOH ratios and the granulation method on the volumetric properties.

The Effects of Na2SiO3/NaOH Ratios on the Volumetric Properties of Fly Ash Geopolymer Artificial Aggregates

This paper presents the change of material properties, such as decreasing of the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and porosity. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the mechanical properties of fly ash-based geopolymer concrete after being exposed to high temperature. The 28 th -day test specimens were burned for one hour at specified temperature variation of 200°C, 400°C, 600°C, and 800°C. Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) concrete was used as a comparison. After burning at 400°C, the compressive strength of geopolymer concrete was surprisingly increased up to 27% of its normal strength. On the other hand, the compressive strength of OPC concrete decreased 67% from its normal strength. The splitting tensile strength of geopolymer concrete also decreased at the range of 50-70%. The porosity of concrete has a sufficient effect to compressive strength and splitting strength. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) test of geopolymer concrete at temperature 400°C until 600°C showed some minerals change. Geopolymer concrete is proved to have better fire resistance compares to Portland Cement Concrete.

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Mechanical Properties of Geopolymer Concrete Exposed to Combustion

Clay based geopolymer ceramic were produced through the geopolymerisation process by the alkali activation of kaolin with an activator solution which is mixture of sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide and undergoes heating at elevated temperature. The concentration of NaOH used in this study was in the range of 6 M-12 M. The ratio of kaolin to alkaline activator used is 1.0. Three different ratios of Na2SiO3/NaOH of 0.16, 0.24 and 0.32 were used to investigate the optimum flexural strength. The samples were cured at 80 °C for 24 hours and sintered at temperatures ranging from 900 °C-1200 °C. The optimum flexural strength of 86.833 MPa is obtained when the ratios of Na2SiO3/NaOH is 0.24 with the NaOH concentration of 12M at 1200 °C.

Correlation between Na2SiO3/NaOH and NaOH Molarity to Flexural Strength of Geopolymer Ceramic

Hybrid alkaline cement is a class of alkaline cement resulted from alkali activation of the medium calcium content of aluminosilicate materials. This paper presents an experimental analysis of alkali activators effect on strength of hybrid alkaline cement produced from 80% fly ash and 20% ordinary Portland cement. Two alkali activators were observed i.e. 5% sodium sulfate and a combination of 5% of sodium sulfate-1.1 M SiO2 of sodium silicate solution. Compressive strength tests were performed on 20mmx 40mm cylinder paste specimens while setting time tests were conducted by Vicat needle. Scanning electron microscopy analysis and measurement of fly ash reaction degree were performed to explain the compressive strength of paste. It is concluded that addition of soluble silicate on the dry mix of hybrid cement-sodium sulfate activator reduce compressive strength and shorten the setting time. Both of activators give relative low fly ash reaction degree.

Januarti Jaya Ekaputri

Papers

Application of Pozzolan as Materials of Geopolymer Paste

The Effects of Na2SiO3/NaOH Ratios on the Volumetric Properties of Fly Ash Geopolymer Artificial Aggregates

Mechanical Properties of Geopolymer Concrete Exposed to Combustion

Correlation between Na2SiO3/NaOH and NaOH Molarity to Flexural Strength of Geopolymer Ceramic

Effect of Activators on Strength of Hybrid Alkaline Cement