Showing papers by "Jatinder Kaur published in 2020"

Study of ARIMA and least square support vector machine (LS-SVM) models for the prediction of SARS-CoV-2 confirmed cases in the most affected countries

Abstract: Discussions about the recently identified deadly coronavirus disease (COVID-19) which originated in Wuhan, China in December 2019 are common around the globe now This is an infectious and even life-threatening disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) It has rapidly spread to other countries from its originating place infecting millions of people globally To understand future phenomena, strong mathematical models are required with the least prediction errors In the present study, autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) and least square support vector machine (LS-SVM) models are applied to the data consisting of daily confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 in the most affected five countries of the world for modeling and predicting one-month confirmed cases of this disease To validate these models, the prediction results were tested by comparing it with testing data The results revealed better accuracy of the LS-SVM model over the ARIMA model and also suggested a rapid rise of SARS-CoV-2 confirmed cases in all the countries under study This analysis would help governments to take necessary actions in advance associated with the preparation of isolation wards, availability of medicines and medical staff, a decision on lockdown, training of volunteers, and economic plans

Growth and characterization of hydrophobic anti-reflection CaF2 films

Abstract: CaF2 films of thicknesses in the range of 50–200 nm were deposited by thermal evaporation on glass substrates. A series of CaF2 films were also grown by oblique angle deposition in which the orientation of the substrate with the horizontal direction was varied from 0° to 75°. CaF2 films are crystalline and show X-ray reflections corresponding to (111), (220), and (311) crystal planes of the cubic phase. The surface morphology of the films was analyzed by atomic force microscopy and it is found that surface roughness increases with an increase in the deposition angle. The water contact angle studies on CaF2 films show that the wettability properties of the films depend on the film thickness and hydrophobicity enhances with the angled deposition. Optical studies found that CaF2 films have high transmittance (> 85%) and good anti-reflection properties in the wavelength range of 400–1000 nm. The study shows that the anti-reflection and hydrophobic properties of CaF2 films can be modified by the oblique angle thermal evaporation.

Effects of oblique angle deposition on surface wettability of Sn metal thin films

Abstract: Oblique angle deposition is a powerful technique to tailor the physical properties of the films because it results in significant modification of grain growth and surface morphology. The present study reports the effects of deposition angle on the hydrophobicity and surface morphology of Sn metal thin films. The significant changes in the topography of the films have been observed with the change in the deposition angle. X-ray diffraction studies show that films have highly oriented (100) tetragonal crystal structure and crystallite size for obliquely deposited (45 nm) film is smaller as compared to that of the normally deposited film (50 nm). The FESEM and AFM studies show that the grain size and the surface roughness of obliquely deposited film decrease as compared to that of the normally deposited film. The obliquely deposited film is found to be hydrophobic in nature with an average contact angle of 95 ± 4° whereas the average contact angle for the normally deposited film is 89 ± 4°. The results of this study reflect that the wettability of the films can be easily tuned by varying the deposition angle.