March 5, 2019 e1 WRITING GROUP MEMBERS Emelia J. Benjamin, MD, ScM, FAHA, Chair Paul Muntner, PhD, MHS, FAHA, Vice Chair Alvaro Alonso, MD, PhD, FAHA Marcio S. Bittencourt, MD, PhD, MPH Clifton W. Callaway, MD, FAHA April P. Carson, PhD, MSPH, FAHA Alanna M. Chamberlain, PhD Alexander R. Chang, MD, MS Susan Cheng, MD, MMSc, MPH, FAHA Sandeep R. Das, MD, MPH, MBA, FAHA Francesca N. Delling, MD, MPH Luc Djousse, MD, ScD, MPH Mitchell S.V. Elkind, MD, MS, FAHA Jane F. Ferguson, PhD, FAHA Myriam Fornage, PhD, FAHA Lori Chaffin Jordan, MD, PhD, FAHA Sadiya S. Khan, MD, MSc Brett M. Kissela, MD, MS Kristen L. Knutson, PhD Tak W. Kwan, MD, FAHA Daniel T. Lackland, DrPH, FAHA Tené T. Lewis, PhD Judith H. Lichtman, PhD, MPH, FAHA Chris T. Longenecker, MD Matthew Shane Loop, PhD Pamela L. Lutsey, PhD, MPH, FAHA Seth S. Martin, MD, MHS, FAHA Kunihiro Matsushita, MD, PhD, FAHA Andrew E. Moran, MD, MPH, FAHA Michael E. Mussolino, PhD, FAHA Martin O’Flaherty, MD, MSc, PhD Ambarish Pandey, MD, MSCS Amanda M. Perak, MD, MS Wayne D. Rosamond, PhD, MS, FAHA Gregory A. Roth, MD, MPH, FAHA Uchechukwu K.A. Sampson, MD, MBA, MPH, FAHA Gary M. Satou, MD, FAHA Emily B. Schroeder, MD, PhD, FAHA Svati H. Shah, MD, MHS, FAHA Nicole L. Spartano, PhD Andrew Stokes, PhD David L. Tirschwell, MD, MS, MSc, FAHA Connie W. Tsao, MD, MPH, Vice Chair Elect Mintu P. Turakhia, MD, MAS, FAHA Lisa B. VanWagner, MD, MSc, FAST John T. Wilkins, MD, MS, FAHA Sally S. Wong, PhD, RD, CDN, FAHA Salim S. Virani, MD, PhD, FAHA, Chair Elect On behalf of the American Heart Association Council on Epidemiology and Prevention Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2019 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association

Each chapter listed in the Table of Contents (see next page) is a hyperlink to that chapter. The reader clicks the chapter name to access that chapter.

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Each year, the American Heart Association (AHA), in conjunction with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health, and other government agencies, brings together in a single document the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and the cardiovascular risk factors listed in the AHA’s My Life Check - Life’s Simple 7 (Figure1), which include core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, diet, and weight) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure [BP], and glucose control) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The Statistical Update represents …

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2018 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.

Background: The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports on the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovas...

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2020 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association

https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/150846/1/ehx391.pdf

2017 ESC/EACTS Guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease

https://www.medpagetoday.com/upload/2014/3/3/02536-1.pdf

2014 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease

Impact of tricuspid regurgitation on long-term survival

Background and aim of study Limited data exist regarding the etiologies and prognostic significance of severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) in the modern medical era. This retrospective chart review examines the causes of, and mortality associated with, hemodynamically significant TR. Methods The database of the echocardiography laboratory at a major academic medical center was searched from August 2000 to October 2001, identifying 91 patients (1.2%) with transthoracic echocardiograms demonstrating moderate-severe or severe TR. A total of 77 available charts was reviewed retrospectively for medical history, examination and electrocardiogram findings. The underlying cause of each patient's TR was determined by compiling data from the chart and echocardiogram. All deaths were recorded from the date of echocardiography until September 2002. Results A cause for TR was determined in 96% of patients. Functional TR due to right ventricular pressure or volume overload was found in 85.5% of patients, while 14.5% had primary TR due to organic abnormalities of the tricuspid valve leaflets. Conditions associated with significant TR included pulmonary hypertension (46%), ischemic cardiomyopathy (25%), non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (8%), Ebstein's anomaly (4%), rheumatic heart disease (4%), endocarditis (4%), tricuspid valve prolapse (2%), and severe mitral valve disease (2%). Of 37 patients (44.6%) who died, 17 (21%) did so within one month of the echocardiogram. Conclusion Among patients presenting to a tertiary medical center, hemodynamically significant TR was more commonly functional than due to organic tricuspid valve disease. The most frequently associated diseases included pulmonary hypertension and cardiomyopathy. Significant TR may be a marker of increased mortality risk as it reflects the severity of underlying disease. Further studies in this area are warranted.

Clinical correlates and mortality of hemodynamically significant tricuspid regurgitation.

Traumatic Coronary Artery Dissection (TCAD) is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition that can occur as a result of blunt chest trauma. This case report presents the case of a 67-year-old male who presented to the hospital after a motor vehicle accident with chest pain and ECG showing an inferior wall ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Further imaging revealed a nondisplaced fracture of the right side of C2 and a left 12th rib. Coronary angiography showed a dissection in the distal segment of the right coronary artery. The patient was given heparin and underwent coronary stenting of the right coronary artery. The patient was monitored in the intensive care unit for any post-traumatic complications and was managed conservatively for the cervical fracture. This case report highlights the importance of prompt diagnosis and comprehensive treatment in TCAD cases to improve outcomes and prevent further complications.

/pdf/a-collaborative-case-report-utilizing-chatgpt-ai-technology-3b2k7n32.pdf

A Collaborative Case Report Utilizing ChatGPT AI Technology of Traumatic Right Coronary Artery Dissection Resulting in Inferior Wall ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction

E-3 | Do Patients With Dilated Left Atrium Appendage Orifice Require More Joules for Direct Current Cardioversion to Restore Sinus Rhythm?

Probiotics are microorganisms, typically bacteria, similar to beneficial microbiota found in the human gut, usually consumed as dietary supplements or fermented foods. Although probiotics are generally safe, several cases of bacteremia, sepsis, and endocarditis associated with probiotics have been reported. Here we report a rare case of Lactobacillus casei endocarditis in a 71-year-old female, immunocompromised due to chronic steroid intake, who presented with a productive cough and low-grade fever. Blood cultures grew L. casei resistant to vancomycin and meropenem. Transesophageal echocardiography showed mitral and aortic vegetations; valve replacement was done after successfully removing vegetations. She was treated with a six-week course of daptomycin and recovered.

https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/case_report/pdf/139189/20230424-31952-1l03d5e.pdf

Jayant Nath

Papers

Impact of tricuspid regurgitation on long-term survival

Clinical correlates and mortality of hemodynamically significant tricuspid regurgitation.

A Collaborative Case Report Utilizing ChatGPT AI Technology of Traumatic Right Coronary Artery Dissection Resulting in Inferior Wall ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction

E-3 | Do Patients With Dilated Left Atrium Appendage Orifice Require More Joules for Direct Current Cardioversion to Restore Sinus Rhythm?

A Case of Lactobacillus casei Endocarditis Associated With Probiotic Intake in an Immunocompromised Patient