The aim of this study was to evaluate the short-term and long-term treatment effects of rapid maxillary expansion in 2 groups of subjects treated with the Haas appliance. Treatment outcomes were evaluated before and after the peak in skeletal maturation, as assessed by the cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) method, in a sample of 42 patients compared to a control sample of 20 subjects. Posteroanterior cephalograms were analyzed for the treated subjects at T1 (pretreatment), T2 (immediate post-expansion) and T3 (long-term observation), and were available at T1 and at T3 for the controls. The mean age (years: months) at T1 was 11:10 for both the treated and the control groups. The mean ages at T3 also were comparable (20:6 for the treated group and 17:8 for the controls). Following expansion and retention (2 months on average), fixed standard edgewise appliances were placed. The study included transverse measurements on dentoalveolar structures, maxillary and mandibular bases and other craniofacial regions (nasal, zygomatic, orbital, and cranial). Treated and control samples were divided into 2 groups according to individual skeletal maturation. The early-treated and early-control groups had not reached the pubertal peak in skeletal growth velocity at T1 (CVM 1 to 3), whereas the late-treated and late-control groups were during or slightly after the peak at T1 (CVM 4 to 6). The group treated before the pubertal peak showed significantly greater short-term increases in the width of the nasal cavities. In the long-term, maxillary skeletal width, maxillary intermolar width, lateronasal width, and lateroorbitale width were significantly greater in the early-treated group. The late-treated group exhibited significant increases in lateronasal width and in maxillary and mandibular intermolar widths. Rapid Maxillary Expansion treatment before the peak in skeletal growth velocity is able to induce more pronounced transverse craniofacial changes at the skeletal level.

Treatment timing for rapid maxillary expansion.

http://andresperdomoortodoncia.com/articulos/Aparatologia_tipo_herbst/clases_II_Mcnamara.pdf

Mandibular changes produced by functional appliances in Class II malocclusion: a systematic review.

Surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion: a literature review.

Surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME): a review of the literature

http://www.ortho-ouchy.ch/images/PDF/Joss-and-Vassalli-2008-JOMS-66.1634-1643.pdf

Stability after bilateral sagittal split osteotomy advancement surgery with rigid internal fixation: a systematic review.

A comparative study of conventional ligation and self-ligation bracket systems

The influence of the SPEED bracket's self-ligating design on force levels in tooth movement: a comparative in vitro study.

Stability of orthopedic and surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion over time

Treatment effects of the mandibular anterior repositioning appliance on patients with Class II malocclusion

Objective: To determine if the long-term dentoskeletal changes in patients treated with tooth-borne functional appliances were comparable to each other and to matched controls. Materials and Methods: The experimental sample consisted of 80 consecutively treated patients who were equally divided into Bionator, Herbst, Twin Block, and mandibular anterior repositioning appliance (MARA) groups. The control group comprised 21 children with untreated skeletal Class II malocclusions. Lateral cephalograms were taken for the treated group at T1 (initial records), T2 (completion of functional therapy), and T3 (completion of fixed appliance therapy). A repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess the differences between and within groups. If ANOVA results were significant, Tukey-Kramer tests were used to determine where the significant differences occurred. Results: (1) Temporary restriction of maxillary growth was found in the MARA group (T2–T1). (2) SNB increased more with the Twin Blo...

/pdf/long-term-dentoskeletal-changes-with-the-bionator-herbst-2q2me28q48.pdf

Jeffrey L. Berger

Papers

A comparative study of conventional ligation and self-ligation bracket systems

The influence of the SPEED bracket's self-ligating design on force levels in tooth movement: a comparative in vitro study.

Stability of orthopedic and surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion over time

Treatment effects of the mandibular anterior repositioning appliance on patients with Class II malocclusion

Long-Term Dentoskeletal Changes with the Bionator, Herbst, Twin Block, and MARA Functional Appliances