介绍了Kirk—Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology（化工技术百科全书）（第五版）电子图书网络版数据库，并对该数据库使用方法和检索途径作出了说明，且结合实例简单地介绍了该数据库的检索方法。

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology数据库介绍及实例

Variable neighbourhood search (VNS) is a metaheuristic, or a framework for building heuristics, based upon systematic changes of neighbourhoods both in descent phase, to find a local minimum, and in perturbation phase to emerge from the corresponding valley It was first proposed in 1997 and has since then rapidly developed both in its methods and its applications In the present paper, these two aspects are thoroughly reviewed and an extensive bibliography is provided Moreover, one section is devoted to newcomers It consists of steps for developing a heuristic for any particular problem Those steps are common to the implementation of other metaheuristics

Variable neighbourhood search: methods and applications

Variable neighbourhood search (VNS) is a metaheuristic, or a framework for building heuristics, based upon systematic changes of neighbourhoods both in descent phase, to find a local minimum, and in perturbation phase to emerge from the corresponding valley. It was first proposed in 1997 and has since then rapidly developed both in its methods and its applications. In the present paper, these two aspects are thoroughly reviewed and an extensive bibliography is provided. Moreover, one section is devoted to newcomers. It consists of steps for developing a heuristic for any particular problem. Those steps are common to the implementation of other metaheuristics.

We show that the different bond orders of individual carbon-carbon bonds in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and fullerenes can be distinguished by noncontact atomic force microscopy (AFM) with a carbon monoxide (CO)–functionalized tip. We found two different contrast mechanisms, which were corroborated by density functional theory calculations: The greater electron density in bonds of higher bond order led to a stronger Pauli repulsion, which enhanced the brightness of these bonds in high-resolution AFM images. The apparent bond length in the AFM images decreased with increasing bond order because of tilting of the CO molecule at the tip apex.

http://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/337/6100/1326.full.pdf

Bond-order discrimination by atomic force microscopy.

Based initially on the outcome of certain reactions but later backed up by spectroscopic evidence, chemists have proposed — for more than a century — the existence of arynes as extremely reactive intermediates in chemical transformations. Now, with the help of atomic force microscopy, it is finally possible to generate and directly visualize this elusive intermediate.

On-surface generation and imaging of arynes by atomic force microscopy

On the inverse sum indeg index

We establish maximal trees and graphs for the difference of average distance and proximity proving thus the corresponding conjecture posed in M. Aouchiche, P. Hansen, Proximity and remoteness in graphs: results and conjectures, Networks 58 (2) (2011) 95102. We also establish maximal trees for the difference of average eccentricity and remoteness and minimal trees for the difference of remoteness and radius proving thus that the corresponding conjectures posed in M. Aouchiche, P. Hansen, Proximity and remoteness in graphs: results and conjectures, Networks 58 (2) (2011) 95102 hold for trees.

/pdf/remoteness-proximity-and-few-other-distance-invariants-in-3hor30dgvz.pdf

Remoteness, proximity and few other distance invariants in graphs

L etT be a square triangular grid with n rows and columns of vertices and n an even number. A set of edges E ⊂ E(T ) completely determines perfect matchings on T if there are no two dif- ferent matchings on T coinciding on E. We establish the upper and the lower bound for the smallest value of |E|, i.e. we show that 5 4 n 2 − 21 2 n +

/pdf/total-forcing-number-of-the-triangular-grid-2bqar5cp7e.pdf

Total forcing number of the triangular grid

Upper bounds for products of four measures of distances in graphs: diameter, radius, average eccentricity and remoteness with three measures of connectivity: vertex connectivity, algebraic connectivity and edge connectivity are analyzed. Twelve conjectures are obtained by the AGX 2 software. Eight of them are proved to be correct, three are disproved and one remains an open problem.

Jelena Sedlar

Papers

On the inverse sum indeg index

Remoteness, proximity and few other distance invariants in graphs

Total forcing number of the triangular grid

Variable Neighborhood Search for Extremal Graphs. 25. Products of Connectivity and Distance Measures

Bounds on metric dimensions of graphs with edge disjoint cycles