Showing papers by "Jeno Hancsók published in 2019"

Isomerization of n-C 5 /C 6 Bioparaffins to Gasoline Components with High Octane Number

Abstract: The conversion processes of alternative feedstocks, e.g. biomass and waste, to different fuels result in the formation of light hydrocarbons such as C5/C6 fractions mainly as side products in boiling range of gasoline in a significant amount. The properties of the C5/C6 fractions need to be improved because of their low octane number ( 69 – 92 %. The increase of research octane number of the products compared to the feedstocks was higher with > 26 units. By the separation of n-paraffins and single-branched i-paraffins of the products, the C5/C6 isoparaffin mixture could have a high-octane number (= 92). Parallel to the isomerization, the hydrogenation of benzene and oxygen-containing compounds was complete. Accordingly, the utilization of isomerized light fractions of alternative diesel fuel production from different biomass and waste-sources can contribute to the competitiveness of second generation bio-fuels.

Production of Diesel Fuel with Alternative Components Content from Various Wastes

Abstract: The use of renewable energy sources is continuously growing worldwide. The demand for alternative fuel components from renewable sources in Europe is also increasing. To ensure economically sustainable transport and shipping, it is inevitable that the production of alternative fuels from waste sources will be increased. The aim of this research work was to produce high quality, alternative components containing diesel fuel and to study the hydrogenation and the interaction among the different compounds of the waste polyolefin cracking fraction (10 %), waste fatty acid fraction (10, 20 and 30 %) and the high sulphur gas oil. The catalytic conversion of the mixtures was carried out on a commercial, sulphided NiMo/Al2O3P catalyst. High-quality diesel fuel component with high hydrogen content (13.65 %), high cetane number (57.0) and reduced expected emissions was produced under the favourable process parameters (temperature: 360 °C, hydrogen/hydrocarbon volume ratio: 600 Nm3/m3, pressure: 50 bar, and liquid hourly space velocity: 1.0 h-1). The obtained product is more environmentally friendly than conventional diesel fuels and can contribute to reduce the amount of landfilled wastes.

Feedstocks for Engine Fuels from Waste Polyolefins

Abstract: Hydrogenation and hydroisomerization of kerosene fractions produced by thermal cracking of polyethylene, polypropylene and those mixtures were studied on Pt/SAPO-11 catalyst. Effects of the process parameters and the composition of the feedstocks on the isoparaffin contents, and the main performance properties of JET fuels (e.g. freezing point, smoke point) were examined. It was found that, practically sulphur- olefin- and aromatic free kerosene fractions having excellent burning properties (smoke point: 42.0 – 50. 0 mm) can be produced from the tested polyolefin cracked fractions. In the examined catalytic system JET fuel with adequate freezing point can only be produced from the clear cracked fraction of polypropylene. Due to the inadequate freezing point and density the products of the experiments cannot be used directly as engine fuel, just only as high value blending components.

Bio-paraffin Mixture Production from Waste Lard

Abstract: The importance of bio-paraffins produced from waste is increasing nowadays. Bio-paraffins obtained from renewable sources can be used in cosmetics, pharmaceutical products, food industry, petrochemicals, lubricants and fuels. The aim of our research was the investigation of catalytic hydrogenation of pre-treated waste lard over different catalysts, such as, sulphided/non-sulphided CoMo/Al2O3 and NiMoP/Al2O3 to valuable bio-paraffin products. The effect of catalyst properties, process parameters – temperature: 300 – 360 °C, pressure: 4 MPa, liquid hourly space velocity: 1.0 – 3.0 h-1, hydrogen/feedstock volume ratio: 550 Nm3/m3 – on the yield and quality of the paraffin mixture was investigated. The catalytic hydrogenation experiments were carried out in a high-pressure reactor system, which contained a tubular down flow reactor with 100 cm3 effective volume. Based on the results, it was concluded that every catalyst is suitable for the production of bioparaffins from waste lard. Yield of main products changed in function of catalyst compositions at favourable process parameters (temperature: 345 °C, liquid hourly space velocity: 1.0 h-1): sulphided NiMoP/Al2O3 (75.1 %) > sulphided CoMo/Al2O3 (71.1 %) > non-sulphided NiMoP/Al2O3 (69.2 %) > non-sulphided CoMo/Al2O3 (67.0 %). Paraffin mixtures with relatively high isoparaffin content (8.9 %) were obtained over non-sulphided CoMo/Al2O3.