Changes in portlandite morphology with solvent composition: Atomistic simulations and experiment

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Properties Of Concrete

A review on ultra high performance concrete: Part I. Raw materials and mixture design

Heat island phenomenon rises the temperature of cities, increases the energy demand for cooling and deteriorates comfort conditions in the urban environment. To counterbalance the impact of the phenomenon, important mitigation techniques have been proposed and developed. Pavements present a very high fraction of the urban areas and contribute highly to the development of heat island in cities. The use of cool pavements presenting substantially lower surface temperature and reduced sensible heat flux to the atmosphere, appears to be one of the most important proposed mitigation solutions. The present paper investigates and describes the actual state of the art on the field of cool pavements. The main thermal and optical parameters defining the thermal performance of pavements are analyzed. Almost all of the developed technologies, where data and results are available, are considered while emphasis is given on the presentation of reflective and permeable/water retentive pavements. The main technological achievements on both fields are reviewed while existing applications are described and performance data are given when available. The existing results clearly show that the mitigation and cooling potential of cool pavements is very significant and can highly contribute to decrease temperature on the urban environment.

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Using cool pavements as a mitigation strategy to fight urban heat island—A review of the actual developments

Rheological requirements for printable concretes

The Poisson's ratio resulting from multiaxial creep of concrete, which has been reported by some experimental works, is controversial. When calculated from measured strains, Poisson's ratio is very sensitive to small experimental error. This sensitivity makes it difficult to determine whether the ratio varies with time or remains constant, and whether it has a different value with stress states. To understand precisely the properties of multiaxial creep of concrete, a new approach is needed. In this study, microplane model is applied to optimally fitting test data extracted from experimental studies on multiaxial creep of concrete. Double-power law is used as a model to represent volumetric and deviatoric creep evolutions on a microplane. Six parameters representing the volumetric and deviatoric compliance functions are determined from regression analysis, and the optimum fits accurately simulate the test data. Poisson's ratio is calculated from the optimum fits and its value varies with time. Regression ...

Analytical studies on creep of sealed concrete under multiaxial stresses using a microplane model

Prepackaged ECCs are rheologically designed by determining the amount of admixtures such that they are suitable for self-consolidating and shotcreting processes. Rheology is controlled such that it can be directly applicable to construction in the field, using prepackaged products with all powdered ingredients. To control the rheological properties of the composites, which have different fluid properties that facilitate two types of processing (i.e., self-consolidating and shotcreting processes), the viscosity change of the cement paste suspensions over time was initially investigated. The proper dosage of the admixtures in the cement paste was then determined. The two most appropriate mixture proportions were then selected by conducting self-consolidating and shotcreting tests. A series of self-consolidating and shotcreting tests demonstrated excellent self-consolidation properties and sprayability of the prepackaged ECC. Subsequent direct tensile tests also revealed hardened properties of prepackaged ECC comparable to those of normally cast ECC.

Rheological Control of Cement Paste for Applying Prepackaged ECCs (Engineered Cementitious Composites) to Self-consolidating and Shotcreting Processes

This paper represents the permeability of chloride ions and the corrosion performance in the concrete blended with granulate blast furnace slag exposed to chloride environment An ordinary cement (type I ) and sulfate resisting cement(type V) were used for the experiment The two cements were combined with , , , and of the granulated blast furnace slag The accelerated permeability tests of chloride ions were performed in accordance with ASTM C1202, and the accelerated corrosion tests of steel were carried out by using the method of immersion/drying cycles After water curing 28 days, 56 days and 91 days, these tests were conducted until 30 cycles In every cycle, test specimens were wetted in NaCl solution for three days and dried again in air for four days As an experimental results, the diffusion coefficient of chloride ions of the ordinary cement Concrete Combined granulated blast furnace slag was much lower than that of non granulated blast furnace slag concrete Moreover, the diffusion coefficient of chloride ions of sulfate resisting cement concrete was higher than that of ordinary cement concrete On the basis of the results of accelerated corrosion tests, corrosion resistance of the concrete mixed with granulated blast furnace slag shows good to corrosion resistance, however, the concrete with sulfate resisting cement shows bad to corrosion resistance

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A Study on Corrosion Resistance of the Reinforement in Concrete Using Blast-Furnace Slag Powder

Column shortening due to creep and shrinkage of concrete should be predicted accurately, especially in high-rise buildings. One of the main mechanisms of creep and shrinkage is moisture diffusion. However, in steel-reinforced concrete columns, which are widely used in high-rise buildings, the wide-flange steel located inside the column hinders the diffusion of moisture. Consequently, the long-term shortening of the column is delayed due to the slower diffusion. A prediction method that takes into account the actual moisture diffusion inside the column is suggested in this paper. The effect of the wide-flange-steel geometry on the long-term deformation of concrete in a column is precisely demonstrated through parametric studies using this method. The results of the parametric study show that the ratio of the web length of the wide-flange steel to the square column size is one of the main parameters affecting the long-term deformation of concrete in steel-reinforced concrete columns.

Jin-Keun Kim

Papers

Analytical studies on creep of sealed concrete under multiaxial stresses using a microplane model

Rheological Control of Cement Paste for Applying Prepackaged ECCs (Engineered Cementitious Composites) to Self-consolidating and Shotcreting Processes

A Study on Corrosion Resistance of the Reinforement in Concrete Using Blast-Furnace Slag Powder

Effect of wide-flange-steel geometry on the long-term shortening of steel-reinforced concrete columns

Thermal stress analysis of silo in radioactive waste repository considering construction conditions