다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

CO2 electroreduction reaction (CO2RR) to fuels and feedstocks is an attractive route to close the anthropogenic carbon cycle and store renewable energy. The generation of more reduced chemicals, especially multicarbon oxygenate and hydrocarbon products (C2+) with higher energy density is highly desirable for industrial applications. However, selective conversion of CO2 to C2+ suffers from high overpotential, low reaction rate and low selectivity, and the process is extremely sensitive to the catalyst structure and electrolyte. Here we discuss strategies to achieve high C2+ selectivity through rational design of the catalyst and electrolyte. Current state-of-the-art catalysts, including Cu and Cu-bimetallic catalysts as well as alternative materials are considered. The importance of taking into consideration the dynamic evolution of the catalyst structure and composition are highlighted, focusing on findings extracted from in situ and operando characterizations. Additional theoretical insight into the reaction mechanisms underlying the improved C2+ selectivity of specific catalyst geometries/compositions in synergy with a well-chosen electrolyte are also provided.

Rational Catalyst and Electrolyte Design for Co2 Electroreduction Towards Multicarbon Products

Zn−CO2 batteries hold great promise for carbon-neutral and electricity generation simultaneously, whereas the main obstacle is the development of electrocatalysts with high activity and durability towards CO2 reduction reaction (CRR). Herein, we design atomically dispersed Bi clusters supported on hollow carbon spheres (BiC/HCS) for effectively reducing CO2 to formate, which shows the highest faradaic efficiency of 97 ± 2% at − 0.6 V vs RHE, being comparable to the previously best reported values of Bi-based materials. Experimental and theoretical analyses reveal that the atomic-level Bix clusters not only enable high CO2 adsorption but also stabilize the key *HCOO intermediate with a low free energy barrier. Further, an assembled rechargeable Zn−CO2 battery with BiC/HCS as the cathode achieves a peak power density of 7.2 ± 0.5 mW cm−2 as well as an impressive rechargeability of 200 cycles. This work provides a promising alternative for CO2 utilization and energy storage by Zn−CO2 batteries. Graphical Abstract Bi clusters anchored on hollow carbon spheres have developed as an excellent cathode for Zn−CO2 battery. The catalyst presents a maximal formate faradaic efficiency of 97 ± 2% at − 0.6 V vs RHE as well as good durability. The assembled Zn−CO2 battery achieves a peak power density of 7.2 ± 0.5 mW cm−2 and energy efficiency of 68.9% (@ 3 mA cm−2), and a more than 200 cycle rechargeability.Download : Download high-res image (180KB)Download : Download full-size image 

Highly dispersed Bi clusters for efficient rechargeable Zn−CO2 batteries

Recent research progress and challenges of MIL-88(Fe) from synthesis to advanced oxidation process

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/sstr.202100153

Recent Advances in Manifold Exfoliated Synthesis of Two-Dimensional Non-Precious Metal-Based Nanosheet Electrocatalysts for Water Splitting

Electrodeposited Bi, Sn and In catalysts are employed as model catalysts to investigate the nature of active sites and the influence of surface hydroxyls on the formation of formate during CO2 electroreduction (CO2RR). With SEM, XPS, in situ XRD, electrochemical measurements and DFT calculations, the active sites are Bi0, SnO and In2O3, with their affinities to hydroxyls following the trend of Bi0

Probing the role of surface hydroxyls for Bi, Sn and In catalysts during CO2 Reduction

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have recently emerged as one of the most promising electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) due to their abundant metal sites and porous structures. However, the limited modulation of the single-metal sites of MOF-based catalysts restricts further promotion of their catalytic performance. In this work, we have developed a composite Co–Fe-based MOF catalyst based on Co–BDC (1,4-benzenedicarboxylate) and Fe–BDC, which modulated the electronic structure via the construction of the heterogeneous interfaces of Co–BDC and Fe–BDC. Enhanced OER performance was achieved in the composite Co–Fe–BDC catalyst, far more exceeding that of the counterpart Co–BDC or Fe–BDC. In addition, it was found that additional ultrasonic treatment effectively facilitated the dispersion of Fe–BDC on Co–BDC, as compared to the composited MOF obtained via physical mixture or magnetic stirring. The composite Co–Fe–BDC catalyst prepared via the ultrasonic-assisted one-pot synthesis exhibited an overpotential of 295 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2, which was even superior to that of the commercial RuO2 catalyst, while holding a lower cost and excellent stability. Insights gained in this study may shed new lights on heterogeneous interfaces and composition strategy of MOF-based electrochemical catalysts.

Jinxia Li

Papers

Probing the role of surface hydroxyls for Bi, Sn and In catalysts during CO2 Reduction

Enhanced OER performance of composite Co–Fe-based MOF catalysts via a one-pot ultrasonic-assisted synthetic approach