Social entrepreneurship has been a topic of academic inquiry for nearly 20 years, yet relatively little scholarly output has appeared in mainstream management and entrepreneurship journals Our review of this literature reveals that conceptual articles outnumber empirical studies, and empirical efforts often lack formal hypotheses and rigorous methods These findings suggest that social entrepreneurship research remains in an embryonic state Future research would benefit from the incorporation of multivariate methods to complement the case study techniques that have dominated previous efforts Our review also suggests that social entrepreneurship is informed by common areas of interest to management scholars like entrepreneurship, public/nonprofit management, and social issues, all of which represent fruitful venues for future research efforts Therefore, we recommend that scholars embrace key themes in strategic entrepreneurship and frame their research using established theories, such as contingency theory, creation theory, discovery theory, innovation diffusion theory, resource dependence theory, and other theoretical bases relevant to strategic entrepreneurship research Copyright © 2009 Strategic Management Society

Research in social entrepreneurship: past contributions and future opportunities

The organization man.

National Council: I Bassingthwaighte NK Baumgarten KNF Chihota TC Chetty KF Clinton Q Esteves L Forshey WRB Hamlyn AE Gebhardt J Goldswain C Hutchison BF Kirchmann (Honarary Life Member) P Lombaard K Mamabolo MM Ngcobo N Nkabinde V Nondo AG Oldfield J Pelser CSF Shepherd W Schultze JH Solomon G Smith G Stroebel JO Truter AJ van Riet (Honarary Life Member) E van Niekerk F Viruly A Zeiss Directors: M van der Walt (President) BM Kodisang (President Elect) MA Phakathi (Immediate Past President) NA Gopal (Chief Executive Officer) PD Naidoo MM Ngcobo W Schultze Incorporated Association not for gain THE DEPARTMENT OF TRADE AND INDUSTRY PRETORIA REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA 3rd June 2008

The department of trade and industry

Twentieth Century-Fox

Organizational Research Methods

Purpose – The paper seeks to examine the background to the UK Government White Paper on the conservation of the built environment, and particularly to identify drivers for legislative change and possible consequences of new legislation for conservation practice.Design/methodology/approach – A critical review is undertaken of major trends in conservation and management of the historic built environment that may affect future conservation legislation.Findings – Three major trends are identified: the development of holistic landscape‐based approaches to conservation; the widening of heritage values to include those of particular groups and communities as well as those based on academic disciplines; and a shift from control‐based approaches to conservation towards those based on dynamic management of change. Each of these trends presents opportunities and challenges in framing of legislation and policy.Research limitations/implications – This is a wide and fast‐developing field. The UK Government's proposals ...

The changing framework for conservation of the historic environment

Purpose – To consider the extent to which the concept of social enterprise fits within facilities management (FM) thinking in helping to create community benefit in the process of delivering housing market renewal (HMR) in the UK. HMR via its HMR pathfinder organisations is part of many strategies in the ODPM (2003), introduced by the UK government to tackle low demand and housing abandonment across the UK.Design/methodology/approach – This paper considers two key themes. First, it focuses on social enterprise practice within the context of supporting and sustaining the existing economy of the local communities in the most deprived areas in the UK. Second, it discusses the present understanding of FM practices and how far these fit within social enterprise practices in delivering social objectives.Findings – Social enterprises tackle a wide range of social, environmental and economic issues to achieve public benefit. It is a promising vehicle for the development of community‐based FM.Originality/value – T...

FM as a social enterprise

Housing Market Renewal Fund is one of the radical actions in the Sustainable Community Plan forming the key basis for tackling low housing demand and abandonment in the most acute areas across North and Midlands, England. The implications for skills and competences need to be investigated as a review of the related literatures mainly emphasises the important to practitioners of integrating professional and community-based skills in dealing with local community. These skill gaps arise as the present professional practices are more focused on the individual core occupational skills within an organisation. A main research question within a facilities management perspective will be addressed. A pilot study will be undertaken at the ELEVATE East Lancashire Pathfinder. Research objectives and strategy will be derived from both literature and pilot study findings. The research outcomes would suggest an appropriate community-based skills and competences for future enhancement programmes within pathfinder organisations.

Professional skills and competences for community-based action in housing market renewal

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the representation of workplaces in the cinema and discuss its relevance to facilities management research.Design/methodology/approach – An analysis of representation of work and the workplace in three films is made. These are Metropolis (1927), Wall Street (1987) and Clerks (1994). Cross‐case themes are then discussed.Findings – Although the three films are of different time periods and genres a number of common themes emerge. These include level of control over the work process, alienation from the product of work and social capital gained. This may have implications for how workplaces are perceived and interpreted. Analysis of representations of the workplace in popular culture may contribute to user‐centred approaches to facilities management.Research limitations/implications – The study is limited to three films. A different choice might produce different results.Practical implications – Understanding representations of the workplace in popular cultur...

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Workplaces in the cinema

J. Anstey and M.R.G. Conzen both made important contributions to the study of urban boundaries. Conzen’s work provides a framework for the analysis of the process of physical change in the historic urban environment. Anstey’s work provides an understanding of the legal controls over boundaries. These two perspectives are brought together to examine the reasons for the persistence or obliteration of plan form in British towns. Comment is made on the effectiveness of the planning and conservation control system in conserving town plans.

John Hudson

Papers

The changing framework for conservation of the historic environment

FM as a social enterprise

Professional skills and competences for community-based action in housing market renewal

Workplaces in the cinema

Boundaries and conservation