This book describes and explains the fundamental physical processes involved in bubble dynamics and the phenomenon of cavitation. It is intended as a combination of a reference book for those scientists and engineers who work with cavitation or bubble dynamics and as a monograph for advanced students interested in some of the basic problems associated with this category of multiphase flows. A basic knowledge of fluid flow and heat transfer is assumed but otherwise the analytical methods presented are developed from basic principles.

The book begins with a chapter on nucleation and describes both the theory and observations of nucleation in flowing and non-flowing systems. The following three chapters provide a systematic treatment of the dynamics of the growth, collapse or oscillation of individual bubbles in otherwise quiescent liquids. Chapter 4 summarizes the state of knowledge of the motion of bubbles in liquids. Chapter 5 describes some of the phenomena which occur in homogeneous bubbly flows with particular emphasis on cloud cavitation and this is followed by a chapter summarizing some of the experiemntal observations of cavitating flows. The last chapter provides a review of the free streamline methods used to treat separated cavity flows with large attached cavities.

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Cavitation and Bubble Dynamics

J+=j

Cavitating flows entail phase change and hence very large and steep density variations in the low pressure regions. These are also very sensitive to: (a) the formation and transport of vapor bubbles, (b) the turbulent fluctuations of pressure and velocity, and (c) the magnitude of noncondensible gases, which are dissolved or ingested in the operating liquid. The presented cavitation model accounts for all these first-order effects, and thus is named as the full cavitation model. The phase-change rate expressions are derived from a reduced form of Rayleigh-Plesset equation for bubble dynamics. These rates depend upon local flow conditions (pressure, velocities, turbulence) as well as fluid properties (saturation pressure, densities, and surface tension). The rate expressions employ two empirical constants, which have been calibrated with experimental data covering a very wide range of flow conditions, and do not require adjustments for different problems. The model has been implemented in an advanced, commercial, general-purpose CFD code, CFD-ACE+

Mathematical Basis and Validation of the Full Cavitation Model

http://scripts.cac.psu.edu/users/r/f/rfk102/PROF/AIAACFD99paper/AIAAcfd99.pdf

A preconditioned Navier–Stokes method for two-phase flows with application to cavitation prediction

Dynamics of attached turbulent cavitating flows

https://ir.uiowa.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1032&context=uisie

Cavitation and pressure distribution: head forms at zero angle of yaw

Flow characteristics of branch points in manifolds involve complexities that the author has studied by combining results of experiment and of simplified analysis. The variation in head is studied f...

John S. McNown

Papers

Cavitation and pressure distribution: head forms at zero angle of yaw

Mechanics of Manifold Flow

Discussion of “Johnson on Bed-Load Movement”

Discussion of Relief Wells for Dams and Levees by T. A. Middlebrooks and William H. Jervis